1. Match the following terms and their definitions.

1. Match the following terms and their definitions.

Terms

a. sex

b. gender

c. sexual orientation

d. gender-role standards

Definitions

1. (d) cultural expectations about appropriate behavior for girls and boys, men and women

2. (a) biologically based distinctions based on chromosomal information

3. (c) one’s preference regarding the sex of an intimate partner

4. (b) the integrated cognitive, social, and emotional schemes associated with being male or

female

2. Match each type of empathy with its definition.

Type of Empathy

a. global empathy

b. egocentric empathy

c. empathy for another’s feeling

d. empathy for another’s life conditions

Definition

1. (b) You recognize distress in another person and react as if the distress were your own.

2. (d) You experience empathy when you understand the person’s circumstances.

3. (a) You experience and express distress as a result of witnessing someone else in distress.

4. (c) You react to another’s distress in a way that might comfort that person.

3. Match the three processes through which televised violence has an impact on the viewer and a related consequence. ()

Processes

a. observing role models who engage in aggressive action

b. heightened arousal while viewing violence

c. modification of beliefs and values

Consequences

1. (c) Viewers expect others to act in an aggressive way toward them.

2. (a) Viewer adds new violent behaviors to response repertoire.

3. (b) Strengthening of cognitive network between aggressive feelings, memories, and actions

occurs in viewer.

4. According to Damon and Hart’s developmental model of the self, one can recognize evidence of self-understanding at each developmental level. Match the developmental level with the kind of self-understanding that occurs at that level. ()

Developmental Level

a. early school age

b. middle childhood

c. early adolescence

d. later adolescence

Nature of self-understanding

1. (d) the formulation of a personal and social identity which integrates the characteristics of the

self into a set of beliefs and plans which guide future actions

2. (b) comparative assessment of self and others

3. (a) categorical and concrete assessment of self

4. (c) understanding of the social implications of one’s self characteristics

5. Match the motive for identification with its definition.)

Motive for Identification

a. fear of loss of love

b. identification with the aggressor

c. identification to satisfy needs for power and status

d. identification to increase perceived similarity

Definition

1. (c) A child behaves like a parent in order to achieve a vicarious sense of power.

2. (b) A child behaves like a parent in order to protect him- or herself from a parent’s rage.

3. (d) A child behaves like a parent in order to appear to have more of the parent’s positive

attributes.

4. (a) A child behaves like a parent to ensure a continued, positive, love relationship.