14 May IS THE TENDENCY TO TAKE PHYSICAL RISKS RELATED TO EXTROVERSION?
Which of the following is NOT an empirical question?
Question 1 options:
Are women more talkative than men?
Is dieting an effective weight loss strategy?
Should we prohibit cell phone use while driving?
Does cognitive psychotherapy help depressed people?
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Question 2 (2 points)
Which of the following is most clearly an example of an applied research question?
Question 2 options:
Is the tendency to take physical risks related to extroversion?
Do people’s scores on a paperandpencil measures of empathy predict whether they will help a disabled
person cross the street?
How does damage to the amygdala affect people’s experience of fear?
Does the color of a recycling bin affect how much people recycle?
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Question 3 (2 points)
The tendency to notice evidence that is consistent with our beliefs and ignore evidence that is inconsistent with
our beliefs is called _____.
Question 3 options:
wishful thinking
confirmation bias
skepticism
common sense
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Question 4 (2 points)
Two important attitudes of scientists are skepticism and _____.
Question 4 options:
emotional neutrality
mathematical ability
tolerance of uncertainty
religious agnosticism
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Question 5 (2 points)
What is an empirically supported treatment?
Question 5 options:
a psychological treatment that has been shown to work by scientific research
a psychological treatment that has not yet been tested
a psychological treatment that should work in theory but that does not work in practice
a psychological treatment that can, in principle, be tested
Researcher A says that people who got allowances as children are more financially responsible as adults
because they had more opportunity to learn how to handle money. Researcher B says that people who got
allowances as children are more financially responsible adults because they are responsible people in general …
which is why their parents gave the allowances in the first place. Which of the following best describes this state of
affairs?
Question 6 options:
The researchers share the same hypothesis but are proposing different phenomena.
The researchers agree on the phenomenon but disagree about the theory.
The researchers have the same theory but different hypotheses.
The researchers are taking different perspectives on the same theory.
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Question 7 (2 points)
Which of the following is the best example of a phenomenon?
Question 7 options:
Smiling is a fundamental human behavior.
Sam, a male waiter, drew a smiley face on a check and got a particularly poor tip.
Smiling people put us in a good mood, causing us to be more likely to help smiling people.
Smiling people are generally evaluated more positively than nonsmiling people.
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Question 8 (2 points)
When will researchers typically abandon a theory?
Question 8 options:
when it is criticized by other researchers
as soon as a hypothesis based on the theory is disconfirmed
after several hypotheses based on the theory are disconfirmed
after approximately 10 to 15 years
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Question 9 (2 points)
Which of the following is a categorical variable?
Question 9 options:
eye color
IQ
number of lifetime sexual partners
shoe size
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Question 10 (2 points)
Which of the following is the most common type of sample in psychological research?
Question 10 options:
a convenience sample
random sample
a haphazard sample
a stratified sample
There is a statistical relationship between two variables if which of the following is true?
Question 11 options:
One of the variables has a higher mean than the other.
The average level of one variable differs across levels of the other.
The variables are conceptually similar (e.g., intelligence and common sense).
all of the above
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Question 12 (2 points)
When you want to show that Variable X has a direct effect on Variable Y, what is the best kind of study to conduct?
Question 12 options:
a nonexperimental study
an experiment
an observational study
a survey
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Question 13 (2 points)
Which of the following could NOT be the independent variable in a true experimental design?
Question 13 options:
sexual abuse
study strategy
room temperature
test score
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Question 14 (2 points)
Which of the following studies most clearly has the directionality problem?
Question 14 options:
A study on whether or not a person was sexually abused as a child and how paranoid he or she is as an adult.
A study on the correlation between losing a limb and one’s selfesteem.
A study relating college students’ study habits to their final exam performance.
A study on the relationship between how much negative emotion a person has and how many physical
symptoms he or she has.
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Question 15 (2 points)
Which of the following reference citations has the best APAstyle format?
Question 15 options:
Unknown. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed., second printing).
Washington, DC.
American Psychological Association. Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (2009).
Author: Washington, DC
American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association
(6th ed., second printing). Washington, DC: Author.
No Author. (2009). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: Author.
Question 16 (2 points)
Which of the following rules about APA style is correct?
Question 16 options:
You must use a sansserif font.
Times New Roman is an acceptable font.
The entire paper has onceinch margins, except for the reference list, which has 0.5 inch margins.
The entire paper is doublespaced, except for the reference list, which is single spaced.
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Question 17 (2 points)
Which of the following intext citations is formatted correctly in APA style?
Question 17 options:
Williams studied the effect of sleep deprivation on exam performance (2008).
Williams (2008) studied the effect of sleep deprivation on exam performance.
Sleep deprivation has a negative effect on exam performance (Williams, J. S., 2008).
Sleep deprivation has a negative effect on exam performance (Williams).
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Question 18 (2 points)
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