21 May WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS REGARDING TASTE AND SMELL IS TRUE?
1. If you adopt the _______ perspective, you’ll reject an emphasis on what goes on in people’s minds in favor of focusing on measurable behaviors that can be objectively measured. A. neuroscience B. behavioral C. psychodynamic D. cognitive 2. Agatha maintains that people are capable of freely making voluntary choices. Constance is mainly focused on how aggression is caused by genetic inheritance. It seems reasonable to assume that Constance is not much interested in environmental factors impacting behavior while Agatha rejects A. determinism. B. introspection. C. mental processes. D. heredity. 3. A clinical experiment is designed in such a way that neither the researchers dispensing a treatment nor the persons in the experimental or control groups know if they’re getting a sugar pill or a new drug. This sort of experimental design is employing a/an _______ procedure. A. experimenter expectations B. placebo C. double-blind D. reverse psychology 4. In conducting an experiment, the experimenter divides a sample group of 60 children into two groups of 30 called group A and group B. To make sure the two groups are similar in terms of age, IQ, and so on, the experimenter will assign people to either group A or B using a/an ________ assignment procedure, such as a coin toss, where heads sends a subject to group A and tails sends a subject to group B. A. random B. experimental C. independent D. subjective 5. Lorraine and Albert are discussing neurotransmitters, getting ready for an exam. Lorraine maintains that neuronal dendrites sort excitatory and inhibitory messages through a process of elimination dictated by reuptake activity. Albert, on the other hand, argues that inhibitory messages always cancel out excitatory messages. Who is correct? A. Neither Lorraine nor Albert is correct. B. Albert is correct. C. Lorraine is correct. D. Both Lorraine and Albert are correct. 6. I study a sample of 100 high school students and find that student IQ scores increase significantly as the level of reported parental income increases. I can conclude from this that A. there’s a positive correlation between parental income and children’s IQ scores. B. higher parental income causes an increase in children’s IQ scores. C. students get smarter when their parents earn more money. D. there’s a negative relationship between parental income and children’s IQ scores. 7. Dr. Lombard’s research is focused on the capacity of the human mind to store and retrieve information. Her colleague, Dr. Fry, is a clinician who strives to help his clients be “the best that they can be.” As a fly on the wall listening to the two psychologists’ friendly disputes during coffee breaks, which of these assertions would you most likely expect from Dr. Fry? A. A person’s basic assumptions about themselves are inevitably false. B. If biology is destiny the concept of free will can be only an illusion. C. People can’t be held responsible for their life choices. D. Mental confusion is best compared to a deficiency in short-term memory. 8. You’ll need to select a sample that represents a larger group when you’re conducting A. naturalistic observation. B. archival research. C. a case study. D. survey research. 9. Under Weber’s law, we’ll notice a stimulus difference such that it will be a constant proportion of the intensity of the initial stimulus. Thus, for weight, we’ll notice a one-ounce difference in a weight of 50 ounces. Weber’s law applies most directly to the concept of A. absolute threshold. B. perceived stimulus. C. sensory adaptation. D. difference threshold. 10. In the ear, the basilar membrane and hair cells are found in the A. cochlea. B. anvil and stirrup. C. auditory nerve. D. oval window. 11. A reflex, like automatically removing your hand from a hot stove, involves pain messages sent to the spinal cord by way of _______ neurons, while the movement of your hand is controlled by _______ neurons. A. motor; sensory B. sensory; motor C. somatic; sensory D. somatic; sympathetic 12. Which of the following statements regarding taste and smell is true? A. Taste buds wear out and are replaced about every 25 days. B. Women tend to have a better sense of smell than men. C. So-called supertasters may be inclined to obesity. D. People often have a very short memory of smells. 13. According to a Gestalt principle called _______, when we’re looking at a crowd of people, we tend to perceive people grouped close together as belonging to a common or related group. A. simplicity B. closure C. expectancy D. proximity 14. The left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is more specialized in language functions and processing information sequentially. The right hemisphere tends to specialize in spatial perception and distinguishing patterns. These are examples of cortex A. adaptation. B. neuroplasticity. C. evolution. D. lateralization. 15. Which of the following statements regarding depth perception is true? A. Experience teaches us to perceive relative size as an indicator of the color of an object. B. Motion parallax is detected because we perceive binocular disparity. C. The change in position of an object relative to the retina is a binocular cue. D. Texture gradient is a monocular cue. 16. Within the cerebral cortex, the _______ area is found in the occipital lobe. A. main auditory B. visual C. association D. somatosensory 17. Which of the following statements regarding processing is true? A. Top-down processing allows us to fill in the gaps in an incomplete or ambiguous pattern. B. Top-down processing is a process of recognizing and processing components of a pattern. End of exam C. Bottom-up processing is guided by experience, expectations, and motivations. D. Bottom-up processing allows us to fill in the gaps in an incomplete or ambiguous pattern. 18. You could locate receptor sites involved in transmitting a nerve impulse by finding the A. synapse. B. endorphins. C. neural regulators. D. myelin. 19. Among the advanced technologies used to study the brain’s structure and functions, which one provides detailed three-dimensional images of the brain’s structures and activities? A. Electroencephalogram B. Functional magnetic resonance imaging C. Positron emission tomography D. Transcranial magnetic stimulation 20. In his research, Dr. Caulfield wants to compare levels of test anxiety among high school students in grades 10 and 12. His hypothesis is that seniors will have higher levels of test anxiety than sophomores will. His _______ definition of test anxiety for each person in his sample will be a self-reported test-anxiety level, marked in a questionnaire as “high,” “moderate,” or “low.” A. theoretical B. functional C. subjective D. operational ———————————————————————–
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