1. According to Jung, one’s collective unconscious contains
a. archetypes.
b. repressed or forgotten information.
c. ancestral memories.
d. the id and the superego.
2. Rosalind is an impulsive child who seldom waits for her turn when playing with other children. Rosalind’s
father is also an impulsive individual who often seems to act before he thinks. The theorist who would
MOST likely suggest that Rosalind has learned to be impulsive from watching her father is
a. B. F. Skinner.
b. Sigmund Freud.
c. Carl Rogers.
d. Albert Bandura.
3. What was the age differential between Freud and his mother?
a. 18 years c. 27 years
b. 20 years d. 42 years
4. Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student
responds negatively to a B by noting that
a. one student has a stronger superego than the other.
b. one student has more self-efficacy than the other.
c. the students have different personality traits.
d. the students have different histories of reinforcement and punishment.
5. Fiona has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Based on the physical symptoms listed in your text, you
should expect that Fiona will show evidence of
a. amenorrhea and low blood pressure.
b. dental problems and cardiac arrhythmias.
c. cardiac arrhythmias and osteoporosis.
d. dental problems and elevated blood pressure.
6. Abraham Maslow called the need to fulfill one’s potential the need for
a. affiliation.
b. achievement.
c. self-actualization.
d. power.
7. According to the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in ____ are characterized as
anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure, and vulnerable.
a. neuroticism
b. extraversion
c. conscientiousness
d. openness to experience
8. The self or self-concept is the central focus of
a. Roger’s person-centered theory.
b. Maslow’s theory of self-actualization.
c. Adler’s individual psychology.
d. Bandura’s social-cognitive theory.9. According to the evolutionary approach to personality, humans have evolved special sensitivity to variations
in the tendency to be reliable and ethical, which is closely associated with which of the following Big Five
personality traits?
a. Neuroticism
b. Extraversion
c. Agreeableness
d. Conscientiousness
10. Both Carl Jung and Alfred Adler were especially critical of Freud’s emphasis on
a. the influence of childhood experiences.
b. sexuality.
c. the unconscious.
d. defense mechanisms.
11. Freud believed that smoking, overeating, and habitual gum chewing could result from fixation in the ____
stage.
a. genital
b. oral
c. anal
d. phallic
12. An unwanted thought that repeatedly intrudes upon an individual’s consciousness is called
a. a delusion.
b. an obsession.
c. a compulsion.
d. a hallucination.
13. The sickly child who goes on to become a forceful, physically active adult is engaging in what Adler called
a. compensation.
b. displacement.
c. fixation.
d. regression.
14. Explanations concerning the etiology of which dissociative disorder are MOST controversial?
a. Dissociative fugue
b. Ddissociative depressive disorder
c. Dissociative identity disorder
d. Dissociative amnesia
15. The MOST common psychological disorders in the United States are
a. schizophrenic disorders.
b. personality disorders.
c. mood disorders.
d. substance use disorders.
16. The stage of psychosexual development that runs from approximately ages three to six is
a. latency.
b. phallic.
c. genital.
d. oral.
17. The majority view among psychologists today is that most aspects of personality are derived from ____
basic traits.
a. 5
b. 16
c. approximately 50
d. over 4,50018. Cari often has temper tantrums and pouts when she can’t have her own
