Question 1) Scientific methods models link _________________

1) Scientific methods models link _________________ – presumed causes, with _________________ – outcomes, of practical value and interest.

A. independent variables, dependent variables.
B. discovered variables, with undisclosed variables.
C. proven variables, non-proven variables.
D. specific variables, contingency variables.

2) From its scientific heritage, organizational behavior has developed all of the following EXCEPT:

A. an emphasis on finding the “one best way” to complete a task.
B. contingency thinking.
C. use of scientific methods.
D. an interdisciplinary body of knowledge.

3) Organizational behavior goals include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. improve the performance of people.
B. improve the level of organizational profits.
C. improve the quality of overall work life.
D. improve the performance of organizations.

4) Managers can modify the __________ of culture, such as the language, stories, rites, rituals, and sagas.

A. vocal aspects
B. oral aspects
C. verbal aspects
D. visible aspects

5) In the context of the three important levels of cultural analysis in organizations, the level referred to as __________ can play a critical part in linking people together and can provide a powerful motivational mechanism for members of the culture.

A. shared values
B. common culture
C. implicit culture
D. observable culture

6) Which of the following statements about the management of organizational culture is NOT correct?

A. good managers are able to help build resilient cultures in situations where the features of strong cultures are absent.
B. corporate culture can be managed by using organizational development techniques to modify specific elements of the culture that address both external adaptation and internal integration.
C. dictate rules from the top of the organization.
D. corporate culture can be managed by directly modifying the observable culture, shared values, and common assumptions that deal with issues of external adaptation.

7) When it comes to ethics and morality, scholar Archie B. Carroll draws a distinction between __________.

A. immoral managers, amoral managers and ethical managers
B. immoral managers, amoral managers and moral managers
C. amoral managers, ethical managers and moral managers
D. immoral managers, ethical managers and unethical managers

8) According to the research conducted on the nature of managerial work, which of the following is false?

A. managers work at fragmented and varied tasks.
B. managers spend much time working alone.
C. managers work with many communication media.
D. managers work long hours.

9) Common forms of unintentional ethics lapses that individuals should guard against include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. prejudice that derives from unconscious stereotypes and attitudes.
B. favoring others who can benefit someone.
C. promoting people who excel in their respective positions.
D. claiming too much personal credit for one’s performance contributions.

10) Which of the following statements about the role of language in cross-cultural communication is NOT correct?

A. Members of low-context cultures are very explicit in using the spoken and written word.
B. Australia, Canada and the United States have low-context cultures.
C. In high-context cultures, must of the message communicated must be inferred or interpreted from the context, which includes body language, the physical setting and past relationships.
D. In low-context cultures, the message is rarely conveyed by the words someone uses, with greater emphasis on the “context” in which the words are spoken.

11) The difficulties with cross-cultural communication are perhaps most obvious with respect to __________.

A. geographic differences
B. language differences
C. lifestyle differences
D. religious differences

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