Because it is too difficult to predict,

09 Jun Because it is too difficult to predict,

Question
Question 1

True/False: Held thinks that care should be valued more as a virtue.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 2

True/False: Held thinks that moral obligations are universal and apply the same way to every moral agent (to everyone).

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 3

True/False: Lorde says we should respond to difference by ignoring it.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 4

True/False: Lorde thinks that we should define differences for ourselves.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 5

True/False: Hardin and Singer agree on our moral obligations to countries and people less affluent and fortunate than we are.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 6

True/False: Hardin thinks that the appropriate metaphor for the relationship between affluent countries and other countries less fortunate is that of a spaceship.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 7

10 out of 10 points

True/False: Ethics is objective. [Note: Pick true for this one. This isn’t a trick. Ethics is objective. It’s just hard sometimes to figure out the right thing to do. Good luck on your final!]

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 8

True/False: Between Singer and Hardin, Singer is closer to being a utilitarian.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 9

What does Singer think about relief agencies’ practice of thanking donors for their generosity?

Answers:

It undermines the moral value of the donorsâ actions.

It mistakes an act of duty for an act of charity.

It increases the likelihood that others will give.

It should not be followed up by requests for more contributions.

Question 10

Singer considers the moderate version of his position to be more reasonable than the strong version.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 11

The ethics of care is interested in describing but not evaluating the various aspects of care and caring relations.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 12

Singer’s reflections here are primarily:

Answers:

descriptive-empirical.

prescriptive-normative.

meta-ethical.

all of these.

Question 13

Some writers cited by Singer have feared that promoting radically demanding moral standards will:

Answers:

lead to a general breakdown in morality.

lead people to sacrifice more than is good for them.

lead to widespread, paralyzing guilt.

undermine our tolerance of cultures with moral standards different from our own.

Question 14

According to the ethics of care, impartiality is a fundamental criterion of moral reasoning.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 15

According to the moderate version of Singer’s position, I should give until:

Answers:

further giving would force me to sacrifice something of moral significance.

I reach the point of marginal utility.

further giving would bring my income below my nationâ s average.

further giving would require a dramatic change in my lifestyle.

Question 16

Singer believes that we should be working full time to relieve the great suffering common in many parts of the world.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 17

What does Singer believe those who live in relatively affluent countries have a duty to sacrifice to protect people in poor countries from preventable evils?

Answers:

one-tenth of their incomes

as much as they can afford without radically altering their lifestyles

as much as they can afford without sacrificing something of comparable moral worth to what the poor are lacking

as much as it would take to eradicate the evils if everyone else in that economic situation gave an equal amount

Question 18

Singer’s proposal would require a dramatic alteration of the way we think about moral issues.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 19

In technical terms, the duty of the affluent to assist those suffering from preventable evils in poor countries is “supererogatory,” according to Singer.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 20

By “care,” Held means the benevolent disposition of one individual toward another.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 21

The ethics of care places particular emphasis on which of the following?

Answers:

universal rules

human dependence

the distinction between egoism and altruism

all of these

Question 22

Held believes that empathy can become excessive.

Answers:

TRUE

FALSE

Question 23

Which of the following actions would Singer be likely to see as morally unjustifiable?

Answers:

buying clothes for any reason other than to keep warm

giving a friend a moderately priced bottle of wine on her birthday

saving money for a family cruise to Alaska

all of these

Question 24

What does Singer think about the view that overpopulation will lead to mass starvation in the future?

Answers:

There is no good evidence to support it.

It mitigates our obligation to do what we can to prevent famine now.

If we accept it, then our duty to prevent famine should lead us to support organizations working for population control.

Because it is too difficult to predict, the future is not relevant to our moral considerations in the present.

Question 25

The distinction between charity and duty is justified, according to Singer, by the social origins of moral attitudes.

Answers:

TRUE