MICRO 2340 – Why if syphilis and gonorrhea are similarly

10 Jun MICRO 2340 – Why if syphilis and gonorrhea are similarly

Question
Question 1

Why if syphilis and gonorrhea are similarly transmitted the incidence of Syphilis has decreased faster than the incidence of gonorrhea

The treatment for syphilis is more efficient than the treatment for gonorrhea

Condoms are very efficient in preventing transmission of syphilis but not gonorrhea.

· Question 2

Heavy smoking is associated with a higher frequency of respiratory infections. What of the following mechanism would you predict is affected in heavy smokers?

Amount of lysozyme present in the oral cavity

Composition of the normal flora in the lungs

Mucus and cilia lining the respiratory tract (mucociliary escalator)

All the above

· Question 3

Microorganisms causing person-to-person diseases are typically passed from pets to humans.

True

False

· Question 4

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can proliferate inside phagocytes

True

False

True but only in immunocompromised individuals

True but only in healthy individuals

· Question 5

Pathogenic mechanisms present in H. pylori demonstrate that:

Stomach acidity is an important element of the innate immune response.

Mucus and cilia lining the respiratory tract is an important element of the innate immune response

Normal flora is an important element of the innate immune response

Antibody production is an important element of the innate immune response

· Question 6

Most of the urinary tract infection occurs

By ascendant migration of pathogens through the urinary tract

By transmission from of pathogens the blood to the kidney

By transmission of pathogens from the respiratory epithelium to the urinary tract

None of the above is correct

· Question 7

Select the correct answer

Microorganisms causing person-to-person diseases can live for long periods of time outside the human body.

Microorganisms causing person-to-person diseases can not live outside the human body

Microorganisms causing person-to-person diseases can live in domesticated animals.

None of the above is correct

· Question 8

Influenza virus replicates in the epithelium of the respiratory tract destroying it. This viral infection commonly promotes the occurrence of secondary pulmonary bacterial infections. What of the following mechanism would you predict is affected by influenza virus that could promote pulmonary bacterial infections?

Reduction in the amount of lysozyme present in the tears

Damage of the mucociliary escalator

· Question 9

Microorganisms hiding inside phagocytes usually

Have mechanisms to prevent the phagocytosis

Have mechanisms to prevent the phagosome-lysosome fusion

Have mechanisms to escape from the lysosome

All the above is correct

· Question 10

What was the more likely reason(s) for the increase in the incidence of TB around 1989 in USA?

The beginning of the AIDS epidemic

More drug-resistant strains were circulating

Relaxation of control measures that includes education about the disease and early diagnosis and treatment of the infection.

Prophylactic antibiotic treatment to all susceptible individuals was not administered

· Question 11

Select pathogenic mechanism(s) present in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

To prevent phagocytosis

To prevent the phagosome-lysosome fusion

To prevent phagosome mitochondria fusion

All the above statements are correct

· Question 12

An HIV infected individual with full-blown AIDS is persistently coughing and refer to have being in contact with an individual infected by M. tuberculosis. Diagnostic of tuberculosis is established by microscopic analysis of the sputum. What is your prediction about the tuberculin test in this individual?

The tuberculin test will be always positive

The tuberculin could be negative

The tuberculin test will be positive only if the patients received the BCG vaccine

This is unpredictable

· Question 13

Vaccination with BCG (Bacilli Calmette-Guerin) can result in a

Negative tuberculin test

Positive tuberculin test

Autoimmunity

Effective and long lasting protection against M. tuberculosis

· Question 14

Pathogens causing sexually transmitted diseases are

Can live outside the human genitourinary tract for time enough to be transmitted to susceptible individuals

Acquired almost exclusively through sexual contact

Resistant to the environment

All the above are correct statements.

· Question 15

Controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in domestic animals is expected to prevent human transmission of this infection.

True

False

· Question 16

An apparently healthy individual is diagnosed with TB. The Doctor also runs an HIV test that indicates that the individual is also infected with HIV. The patient is immediately started with anti-HIV and anti-TB treatments. Several months later the Doctor confirms that TB was cured, the HIV replication is tightly controlled and the immune system is reconstituted to normal levels. At this time the Dr. orders a tuberculin test. What is your prediction about the tuberculin test in this individual?

More likely the tuberculin test will be positive

The tuberculin will be negative

The tuberculin test will be positive only if the patients received the BCG vaccine

This is unpredictable

· Question 17

Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a very rare event

True

False

· Question 18

P. acnes causes opportunistic infections

True

False

· Question 19

Microorganisms causing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are typically passed from pets to humans.

True

False

Only for H. pylori

Only for Chlamydia trachomatis

· Question 20

Eradication of TB infection with no or minor symptoms is a very unlikely outcome in severe immunocompromised persons

True

False