WHAT TERM IS USED TO DESCRIBE CHANGES IN SIZE, SHAPE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BODY?

10 Jun WHAT TERM IS USED TO DESCRIBE CHANGES IN SIZE, SHAPE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BODY?

1) What term is used to describe changes in size, shape and characteristics of the body?

A) Psychological domain

B) Physical domain

C) Cognitive domain

D) Social domain

2) What term is used to describe changes in thinking, memory, problem solving and other intellectual skills?

A) Psychological domain

B) Physical domain

C) Cognitive domain

D) Social domain

3) What term is used to describe changes in variable that are associated with the relationship of an individual to others?

A) Psychological domain

B) Physical domain

C) Cognitive domain

D) Social domain

4) According to your text, when does middle childhood occur?

A) Once a child enters school

B) Once a child begins talking

C) Once a child begins walking

D) Once a child begins puberty

5) Which of the following are central to the nature-nurture controversy?

A) Environmental continuity and psychological comfort

B) Change triggered by social processes or change caused by cultural influences

C) Inborn biases and genetic predispositions

D) Biological process and experiential factors

6) Developmental psychologists have observed that babies seem to be born predisposed to respond to people in certain ways, such as crying or smiling, in order to elicit attention from a caregiver. Psychologists call these inherent tendencies

A) cultural biases.

B) maturational patterns.

C) inborn biases.

D) nature and nurture tensions.

7) If puberty begins for girls with the onset of menstruation, puberty could be considered a matter of

A) discontinuity.

B) continuity.

C) quantitative development.

D) ecological development.

8) Which of the following developmental outcomes would be illustrative of the concept of vulnerability?

A) Very low IQ scores are more common among children who were born with a low birth weight and who are reared in highly stressed, uninvolved families.

B) Normal birth weight infants born into upper socioeconomic status families invariably have superior levels of intelligence.

C) Children born into caring, facilitative families rarely have sufficient protective factors to overcome or offset all vulnerabilities that might potentially affect their development.

D) Positive developmental outcome is possible only for children with few vulnerabilities and many protective factors.

9) ) A new medicine for headaches is in clinical trials. The patients who are receiving this new drug are members of which group?

A) The placebo group

B) The control group

C) The experimental group

D) The independent group

10) Erikson’s dilemma of intimacy vs. isolation is associated with what developmental age?

A) Birth to one year

B) 2-3 years

C) 18 – 30 years

D) 30 years to late adulthood

11) Which of the following best defines generativity?

A) A sense of wanting to give back to society and future generations

B) A sense of needing to make up for one’s shortcomings

C) The need to resolve a midlife crisis

D) The need to establish intimate relationships

12) Which of the following is credited with introducing the term operant conditioning?

A) Albert Bandura

B) B.F. Skinner

C) Sigmund Freud

D) Erik Erikson

13) Niko plans to go to a good college. He seems unconcerned about competitive admissions policies because he believes that if he studies hard, he can get in wherever he wants. Bandura would consider this an example of which of the following?

A) A self-fulfilling prophecy

B) Delayed gratification

C) A positive self image

D) Self-efficacy

14) According to the principles of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, how you act at a party depends upon which of the following to guide and direct your behavior?

A) Scheme

B) Memory

C) Reinforcement

D) Sensorimotor skills

15) Three-year-old Tran used to call all flying objects such as airplanes and slowly falling leaves “birds.” Now he correctly labels airplanes, butterflies, birds, and bees. Which Piagetian process has Tran accomplished?

A) Assimilation

B) Concrete operations

C) Accommodation

D) Proximal development

16) In terms of usefulness and reliability, which of the following is true of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory?

A) It is far more useful than information-processing theory because it has more empirical support.

B) It relies too much on empiricism to support its application.

C) There is insufficient evidence at present to either support or contradict most of his theory.

D) It has more empirical and research support than Piaget’s theory.

17) Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of human development places primary emphasis on

A) children’s biological needs.

B) the interactions among the contexts in which children live and develop.

C) genetic or hereditary patterns.

D) environmental stimuli that elicit and reinforce behavior.

18) An important trend in the study of human development involves incorporating many theoretical perspectives in order to better explain development. Which of the following describes this approach?

A) Multiculturalism

B) Eclecticism

C) The cross-modal approach

D) The stages of change model

19) What is the term for the pattern of inheritance in which many genes influence a trait?

A) Polymorphic inheritance

B) Polygenic inheritance

C) Monomorphic inheritance

D) Monogenic inheritance