BIOLOGY 102 – Which of the following is the smallest unit

10 Jun BIOLOGY 102 – Which of the following is the smallest unit

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(c) cell

(d) tissue

(e) none of the above

(2) In the hierarchy of biological organization, several tissues come together to form _____ in the body.

(a) organs

(b) cells

(c) systems

(d) populations

(e) all of the above

(3) _________ is the science of classifying organisms.

(a) genetics

(b) neurobiology

(c) ecology

(d) taxonomy

(e) both a and c are correct

(4) Which of the following is not one of the three domains that partition all life?

(a) archaeabacteria

(b) fungi

(c) eubacteria

(d) eukaryotes

(e) none of the above

(5) In a clinical drug trial, the group of people who receives the placebo or sugar pills for the duration of the study are best described as the _________ group.

(a) experimental

(b) control

(c) variable

(d) treatment

(e) none of the above

(6) A scientific explanation that has been rigorously tested time and again can be considered a _____.

(a) hypothesis

(b) unknown

(c) riddle

(d) theory

(e) enigma

(7) Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called:

(a) compounds

(b) isotopes

(c) quasars

(d) electrons

(e) none of the above

(8) The atomic number of an element is calculated as the total number of ________ in the nucleus for that particular atom.

(a) electrons

(b) neutrons

(c) protons

(d) bosons

(e) quarks

(9) A chemical bond where the electrons are shared between two atoms is called a ____ bond.

(a) covalent

(b) ionic

(c) polar

(d) permanent

(e) all of the above

(10) The scale that measures the relative acidity of a solution is called the _ scale.

(a) Richter

(b) pH

(c) Schroedinger

(d) Periodic

(e) None of the above

(11) All of the known elements are arranged according to size, charge, and other relevant properties in this _____ table which reveals groups and periods of elements.

(a) ionic

(b) periodic

(c) incidental

(d) calibrated

(e) all of the above

(12) The primary role of this bio-molecule in the human body is to provide energy.

(a) what are proteins

(b) what are lipids

(c) what are nucleic acids

(d) what are carbohydrates

(e) what are nebulae

(13) ______ is the bio-molecule known as the hereditary or genetic material within cells that contains the “code of life”.

(a) nucleic acid (DNA)

(b) proteins

(c) ribosomes

(d) golgi complexes

(e) all of the above

(14) Which of the following is not a component of the cell theory?

(a) all living things are made of one or more cells

(b) the smallest living unit of structure is the cell

(c) cells are generally derive from tissues

(d) all cells arise from pre-existing cells

(e) none of the above

(15) Eukaryotic cells are different from prokaryotic cells in that they have a ______.

(a) cytoplasm

(b) nucleus

(c) plasma membrane

(d) DNA

(e) All of the above

(16) __________ provide rigid exteriors and structural support for plant cells but are not found in animal cells.

(a) cell walls

(b) golgi bodies

(c) ribosomes

(d) plasma membranes

(e) none of the above

(17) The viscous fluid interior where all of the organelles are suspended in a cell is called the _.

(a) exoskeleton

(b) cytoplasm

(c) nucleus

(d) smooth ER

(e) islets of Langerhans

(18) The ___ is the organelle in animal cells where aerobic metabolic pathways function to create ATP.

(a) chloroplast

(b) thylakoid

(c) mitochondria

(d) smooth ER

(e) Energizer domain

(19) Another name for a biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur in the body is called a:

(a) re-dox molecule

(b) acid

(c) enzyme

(d) substrate

(e) none of the above

(20) The chemical equation which best describes photosynthesis in plants is as follows:

(a) 6CO2 + 12H2O >> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

(b) C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 12H2O >> 6O2 +12H2O

(c) 12H2O + ATP + CO >> O + OH + 6CO2

(d) 6CO2 +6O2 +12H2O >> NADH + FAD+ + OH

(e) 6CO2 +6O2 +12H2O >> NADH + FADH2 + OH

(f) SUN AND GREEN >> FOOD FOR ALL

(21) ______ is the catalyst which drives the photosynthetic reaction pathway

(a) oxygen

(b) sunlight

(c) geothermal heat

(d) wind

(e) rain

(22) Photosynthesis is broken down into two phases called the:

(a) pale and turbid reactions

(b) light dependent and light independent reactions

(c) sugar positive and sugar negative reactions

(d) chloroplast and thylakoid reactions

(e) both a and b are correct

(23) ______ is the one of the three aerobic respiratory pathways that occurs in the cytosol not in the mitochondria.

(a) Kreb’s cycle

(b) Electron transport chain

(c) Glycolysis

(d) Acetyl-coA formation

(e) None of the above

(24) ________, an end product of glycolysis is converted into ________ to start initial priming of the Kreb’s cycle.

(a) NADH; FAD

(b) Pyruvate; acetyl-coA

(c) ATP; ADP

(d) Glucose; ATP

(e) Both c and d

(25) Which of the metabolic aerobic respiratory pathways yields the most ATP?

(a) electron transport chain

(b) Kreb’s cycle

(c) Glycolysis

(d) Fermentation

(e) Lactic acidosis

(26) Each glucose molecule oxidized completely by aerobic cellular respiration yields approximately ______ ATP molecules.

(a) 2

(b) 24

(c) 12

(d) 36

(e) 108

(27) DNA is composed of nitrogenous bases, and include A, C, G, and ______.

(a) Z

(b) B

(c) T

(d) P

(e) none of the above

(28) When you interpret your data from an experiment to provide the significance and importance of it, you are _______ your findings.

(a) extrapolating

(b) deciphering

(c) calculating

(d) exposing

(e) both c and d are correct

(29) Which of the following is a reason why scientists think glycolysis is ancient?

(a) All living things can do it

(b) It has fossilized DNA in it

(c) It is exclusive to primates only

(d) It is in chicken pox

(e) None of the above

(30) The fact that zebras are all recognizable to each other but indistinguishable to you and I is an example of the theme of:

(a) Form follows function

(b) Emergent properties

(c) Diversity and Unity

(d) reproduction

(e) all of the above

(31) The ______ surrounds plants to offer protection from freezing and drought

(a) Cell wall

(b) Plasma membrane

(c) ribosome

(d) nucleus

(e) ludicrous

(32) A _____ is the purest form of matter and cannot be broken down any further:

(a) compound

(b) molecule

(c) element

(d) mixture

(e) all of the above

(33) A _____ is made of two or more atoms from different elements

(a) compound

(b) diatom

(c) solvent

(d) periodic table

(e) none of the above

(34) Where do humans get their glucose from:

(a) food

(b) water

(c) sunlight

(d) vitamins

(e) none of the above

(35) Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod provide the first experimental evidence that DNA was likely the “transforming principle” (the hereditary component) by witnessing the transformation of:

(f) live rough pneumococcus bacteria into live smooth pneumococcal bacteria

(g) dead smooth bacteria into dead rough bacteria

(h) live smooth bacteria into dead rough bacteria

(i) bacteria into mice

(36) Hershey and Chase proved definitively that DNA was the hereditary material by performing experiments with ________.

(f) adenovirus

(g) bacteriophage

(h) chicken pox

(i) TB

(37) Watson and Crick determine the structure of DNA to be ________.

(f) double helical

(g) triple pleated

(h) quadruple turned

(i) all of the above

(38) Following DNA replication, one of the original parent strands teams up with a newly synthesized daughter strand to form a new double helix. This replication is coined:

(f) conservative

(g) semi-conservative

(h) non-conservative

(i) ludicrous

(39) The flow of genetic information is from:

(f) RNA to DNA to proteins

(g) DNA to RNA to Protein

(h) Protein to RNA to DNA

(i) These three compounds are unrelated

(40) The process of converting DNA into an mRNA intermediate is called:

(f) translation

(g) transcription

(h) transformation

(i) transduction