11 Jun BIOLOGY 1300 Bt – Health and Environmental Effects
Question
3. Bt – Health and Environmental Effects
Bt stands for Bacteria thuringensis, the source of a gene that has been inserted into the genome of corn and other edible crops. The presence of this gene results in the synthesis by the plant of a molecule that is toxic to some crop pests, especially those with a caterpillar stage in their life cycle. Various studies over the years have implicated Bt crops in the decline of some butterfly species (e.g., Monarch), and there are some reports suggesting human health effects as well. The sources below review the various aspects of the Bt issue, with special attention to questionable research conducted in France implicating potential human health effects. Note that the findings of that paper have been retracted, underscoring the significance of peer-review.
Bt report
http://undergroundhealthreporter.com/genetically-modified-foods/#axzz3dj0oNERm
Genetics Literacy
Top GMO question consumers want answered: Do GMOs cause cancer?
Review of French Paper (Nature)
http://www.nature.com/news/hyped-gm-maize-study-faces-growing-scrutiny-1.11566
Retraction Review (Science)
Issues for Your Write Up
A. Briefly, what does the Bt gene do? What are some of the major crop species that have been modified with this gene? How does it work (i.e., what benefit does it provide to the crop that increases productivity)?
B. Why are people concerned about Bt crops? In other words, what are the impacts on human health and/or the environment.
C. From the readings provided, how does this particular example underscore the importance of peer-review in the scientific endeavor? Be specific and make reference to points raised in the readings that should give us confidence that science is a self-correcting system.
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