How has the fertilization process of seed plants

11 Jun How has the fertilization process of seed plants

Question
1. How has the fertilization process of seed plants adapted to dry terrestrial conditions?

Select one:

a. stomata close to prevent water loss

b. the evolution of a pollen tube eliminated the need for water in the transfer of sperm to the egg

c. the pine needle has thicker skin, to retain water and a needle-like shape that reduces leaf area

d. they evolved fruit which are wet and keep the seed hydrated

2. Why does the plant invest so much energy in reproduction?

Select one:

a. if old plants did not generate new plants when the old plants died the species would die

b. reproduction is an evolutionary artifact; plants no longer need to invest as much energy but they still have not lost that trait

c. plants get too woody as they age and can’t transport nutrients efficiently; they need to reproduce to counteract the ageing process

d. if there are not enough photosynthetic organisms in a specified area photosynthesis is less efficient; new plants are needed to keep up the rates of photosynthesis

3. After fertilization what happens to the integument layer?

Select one:

a. it develops into the protective seed coat

b. it develops into the fruit

c. it decays; its purpose was to protect the ovary and now other structures will protect the seed

d. it fills with water until it explodes propelling the seed into the air

4. How is pollen transferred from the male reproductive structure to the female in gymnosperms and angiosperms?

Select one:

a. In both types of plants pollen is transferred only by the wind

b. In gymnosperms the pollen is transferred by animals like squirrels which store the pollen to eat; in angiosperms the pollen is transferred by wind and rain

c. In gymnosperms only wind transfers pollen, while in angiosperms animals like bees or birds also transfer pollen

d. In both types of plants pollen is transferred by water and by animals

5. Select the answer choice that correctly fills in the blanks for this explanation of the difference between how gymnosperms and angiosperms display their heterosporus nature.

Both gymnosperms and angiosperms are heterosporus: in gymnosperms the pollen and the megaspores are produced in separate while in angiosperms the pollen and the megaspores are produced in separate structures but within the same

Select one:

a. pinecones, flower

b. ovule, pistel

c. sporangiums, fruit

d. gametes, anther

6. Which of the following is NOT one of the differences between dicots and monocots?

Select one:

a. dicots have two cotyledons while monocots’ have one

b. dicots’ sepals and petals are in multiples of four or five while monocots’ are in multiples of three

c. dicots’ vascular tissue in the stem is arranged in rings; monocots’ vascular tissue is arranged in scattered bundles

d. dicots have uncovered seeds while monocots have fruit around their seeds

7. What happens to the sperm nuclei that do not fertilize the egg to form a zygote?

Select one:

a. they fuse with the polar nuclei of the egg and form the endosperm nucleus

b. they form the wings that allow the fruit to disseminate

c. they move to another egg and form a zygote with the second egg

d. they die and do not fuse with any nuclei

8. Why must the pollen develop the pollen tube?

Select one:

a. without it the pollen can not separate from the egg produced by the same reproductive structure and neither the pollen nor the egg are able to combine with the gametes of other plants and form seeds

b. without it the pollen does not begin meiosis and does not produce nuclei that can fertilize eggs

c. without it the pollen is too heavy to be carried by the wind and can not reach female reproductive structures and pollinate them

d. without it the pollen nucleus can not travel to and fertilize the egg and it traveled all the way to the female reproductive structure and didn’t accomplish anything