11 Jun BIO 349 – Hardy-Weinberg practice
Question
Population Genetics Homework, Bio 358 Name: _____________________________________________
20 points.
This is meant to be your own, individual
work, not group work.
1) Hardy-Weinberg practice. You have a population with 5 aa individuals, 4 Aa individuals,
and 2 AA individuals.
a) What are the allele frequencies and genotype frequencies for this population? b) Is this population at HW equilibrium? Use numbers to explain why or why not. c) If this population continues with about 10 individuals per generation, and there
isn’t strong selection or much migration, what can you predict about what will happen to
allele frequencies and genotype frequencies over the next 100 generations? Justify your
prediction.
2) You have populations under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a trait controlled by alleles
R (dominant for red) and r (recessive for white). Individuals with RR or Rr are red, and rr
individuals are white. Consider all the populations and phenotypes you might have, based
on different starting allele frequencies. If all these populations, regardless of starting allele
frequencies, are under HW equilibrium, what predictions can you make about which
phenotype will be most common?
3) In organisms with two sexes, when males are common, females have the reproductive
advantage, because they have more mates to choose from, and they have the maximum
number of offspring. If females are more common and males are rare, then males have the
advantage, because they have more mates to choose from, and they have the maximum
number of offspring. Over time, what should happen to the ratio of males vs. females in the
population? What kind of selection would control this? Explain why/how.
5) You have a trait controlled by two alleles: A, a. Individuals with the aa (recessive) trait
have a slight fitness advantage over AA or Aa individuals. For selection to have the quickest
effect on allele frequencies, what population should you start with: 100 Aa individuals; 50
AA and 50 aa; 25 aa, 50 Aa, 25 AA; or will all populations act the same? Why? Explain.
4) Complete the table below. Assume you have two populations with two alleles for one
gene: A, a. Both gene pools are 50% A and 50% a. You start with all Aa individuals. Predict
the outcome after 100 generations if each of the processes below is the only thing
happening at the time. If something is unpredictable, you can say so.
PROCESS Drift Mutation Migration (in &
out)
Directional
selection (one
phenotype does
best)
Overdominance
(heterozygote
advantage) Final allele
frequencies?
(keep both? one
up? one lost?) Final genotype
frequencies?
(Most common?
Least common?) Variety of alleles
in one
population (up,
down, stays
same) Will the two
populations be
more different
or more similar?
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