11 Jun Lab Analysis – Pond Ecosystem
Question
Date: Name: Lab Analysis: Pond Ecosystem
1. Simpson’s Diversity Index can be found using this equation: where Pi is the number of individuals of a particular species I divided by the total numbers of individuals of all
species and S is the number of different types of species. Look at the example below to see how D is determined
for this community with 4 species.
Species Number of Individu- Pi
als Pi2 Mayflies 2 0.0009 Stoneflies 1 0.0002 Leeches 19 0.0853 Midges 43 0.4382 TOTAL 65 0.5246 S=4 Calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index for the pond ecosystem you studied. Answer: Type your answer here.
1 What kind of abiotic factors influencing the pond might make your data different if collected on a different day
or month? Answer: Type your answer here.
2. Is there a high level of productivity in this pond? How does this impact the variety of living organisms found
here?
Answer: Type your answer here. 3. How does the topography of the surrounding land impact the pond? Is erosion a factor?
Answer: Type your answer here.
4. If you were able to test water temperature near shore and 10 feet out, did the temperature vary between the
littoral and limnetic zone? Why or why not? What impact does this have on living organisms?
Answer: Type your answer here.
5. What does turbidity measure and what causes it? How does this impact the productivity of the pond?
Answer: Type your answer here.
6. Phosphate is also a nutrient required by aquatic plants. When is too much phosphate problem in an aquatic
ecosystem? What might be sources of excess phosphates in the pond you studied?
Answer: Type your answer here.
7. What is the optimal pH for aquatic organisms? How could pH altered within a pond?
Answer: Type your answer here.
8. Plants require nitrogen for growth. Why is too much nitrogen a problem in an aquatic ecosystem? What might
be sources of excess nitrogen in the pond you studied?
Answer: Type your answer here.
9. Why is a certain amount of dissolved oxygen necessary in a pond ecosystem? What kinds of organisms cannot tolerate low dissolved oxygen levels?
Answer: Type your answer here.
10. How does oxygen get into the water and how is it dissolved?
Answer: Type your answer here.
11. Why might coliform bacteria be found in this pond?
Answer: Type your answer here.
12. If you were to gather organisms at every trophic level, at which level would you find the greatest biomass?
The least biomass? Why?
Answer: Type your answer here.
13. Overall, do you think the pond you studied is a healthy pond ecosystem? Why or why not?
Answer: Type your answer here.
14. Create a food web for this pond that includes at least 25 different organisms, shows the trophic levels and instances in which an organism can occupy more than one trophic level. You may draw and scan or take a picture or a use word document to describe or diagram it. Then copy and paste your web into this document.
Answer: Type your answer here.
15. What important component of the ecosystem food web is found at every level? What role do these organisms
play?
Answer: Type your answer here.
16. If you were to eliminate one of the producers in your food web, how would it impact the rest of the food chain?
Answer: Type your answer here.
17. If several producers were eliminated what would be the result?
Answer: Type your answer here.
18. If a primary producer were eliminated, how would it affect the food web?
Answer: Type your answer here.
19. How might an introduced species (a new kind of insect for example) impact this ecosystem?
Answer: Type your answer here.
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