11 Jun Dothan BIOLOGY 12 – A single gene controls an observable
Question
1. A single gene controls an observable trait in a species of mouse. The gene has only two alleles, and the dominant allele, M, shows complete dominance over the recessive allele, m. The table below shows the number of individuals in each generation that exhibit the dominant and recessive phenotypes for several generations.
Generation
Dominant phenotype
Recessive phenotype
Total # of individuals
1
614
37
651
2
749
50
799
3
561
41
602
4
665
65
730
5
771
94
865
Which of the following conclusions is most likely, based on this data?
1) Gene flow is causing m to decrease in frequency.
2) Genetic drift is causing the frequency of M to increase.
3) The frequency of m is increasing as a result of natural selection.
4)
The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait.
2. Which of the following best compares the effects of artificial selection and gene flow on the genetic makeup of a population?
1) Artificial selection and gene flow are both random, but artificial selection decreases genetic variation and gene flow increases it.
2) Artificial selection and gene flow are both selective, but artificial selection increases genetic variation and gene flow decreases it.
3) Artificial selection is random and increases genetic variation, while gene flow is selective and decreases it.
4)
Artificial selection is selective and decreases genetic variation, while gene flow is random and increases it.
3. Which of the following best describes morphological evidence that two different species of animal evolved from a common ancestor?
1) The species are similar in size and color.
2) The species exhibit similar behaviors.
3) The species have similar bone patterns.
4)
The species live in similar environments.
4. The building of a new highway results in pollution of a nearby lake ecosystem as runoff flows into the lake. The frogs in the lake seem to be especially susceptible to the effects of the pollutants; however, some of the frog population survives, and, over time, scientists determine that the frog population has evolved. Which of the following is NOT a requirement for evolution by natural selection to occur in the frog population?
1) Frogs must be capable of producing more offspring than will be able to survive.
2) In order to evolve, individuals in the frog population must develop traits that make them resistant to the effects of the pollution.
3) Some frogs must possess beneficial traits that help them survive and reproduce.
4)
Variations must occur naturally within the frog population
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