11 Jun Southwestern BIOL 110 – DNA Structure and Replication
Question
Part 1: DNA Structure and Replication
Go to the following website: http://www.dnaftb.org/19/
Read the concept tab, watch the animation under the animation tab, and watch the videos under the video tab. Then answer the following questions:
1. What type of technology helped to show that DNA was shaped like a twisted ladder?
2. What part of the molecule forms the rungs of the ladder?
3. What part of the molecule forms the sides of the ladder?
4. From the PROBLEM section: How can you illustrate the structure of DNA as a right-handed double helix?
Next, go to the following website: http://www.dnaftb.org/20/
Read the concept tab, watch the animation under the animation tab, and watch the videos under the video tab. Then answer the following questions:
1. How did the discovery of the enzyme DNA polymerase play in the understanding for the process of DNA replication?
2. What is the difference between the conserved strand of DNA and the complementary strand?
3. From the PROBLEM section: Meselson and Stahl showed that DNA replication is semi-conservative. What would the contents of tubes 1-4 look like to illustrate this finding?
Part 2: Transcription and Translation
Go to the following website: http://sepuplhs.org/high/sgi/teachers/genetics_act16_sim.html
Read each screen and click “continue” when you are ready to proceed.
1. Where in the cell does transcription take place?
2. For each DNA nucleotide (listed first), identify the complementary RNA nucleotide.
a. Adenine base pairs with ___________________________
b. Guanine base pairs with ___________________________
c. Cytosine base pairs with ___________________________
d. Thymine base pairs with __________________________
3. What enzyme is used to link RNA nucleotides to each other during transcription?
4. Which type of RNA is formed and where in the cell does it go?
• At this point, you will be prompted to complete “student sheet 16.1” – ignore that, but do make sure you have been able to answer questions 1-4 above. Click “continue” when you are ready to proceed to translation.
5. Where in the cell does translation occur?
6. Which molecule serves as the template for translation?
7. What are the triplets of nucleotides on the molecule from question 6 called?
8. What are the complementary triplets of nucleotides on transfer RNA called?
• At this point, you will drag and drop the correct transfer RNA molecules to build a protein, as indicated in the instructions on the website. For question 9, be sure to record the amino acids as you add them, because the whole sequence will not be visible at the end of the activity.
9. Record the sequence of amino acids as you add them to build the protein. Make sure you are writing down the three letter abbreviations for the amino acids, not the codons or anti- codons!
10. What happened to the chain of amino acids after it was completed?
11. What determines the shape and function of the protein?
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