UMUC Biology 102/103 – Lab 7 Ecological Interactions

12 Jun UMUC Biology 102/103 – Lab 7 Ecological Interactions

Question
UMUC Biology 102/103

Lab 7: Ecological Interactions

INSTRUCTIONS:
· On your own and without assistance, complete thisLab 7Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via theAssignments Folder by the date listed in theCourse Schedule (underSyllabus).
· Answer ALL questions in your own words. If a direct quote is needed, put the words in quotation marks and cite the source.
· To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions.
· Save your Lab 7Answer Sheet in the following format: LastName_Lab7 (e.g., Smith_Lab7).
· You should submit your document as a Word (.doc or .docx) file to the assignment folder for best compatibility.
· Post a copy of the lab in Turnitin.com. There will be a 10 point deduction if this is not done.
· If a photo is missing, there is a 10 point deduction.
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Include photos of the lab. Each photo must include a piece of paper with the student’s name and the date the photo was taken.
Each question and table is worth 10 points.

Stage/Day

Observations

Acetic Acid

Sodium Bicarbonate

Water

Initial pH

4

8

7

1

0-10 no change

4-10 sprout

6-10 sprout

2

1-10 sprout

4-10 no growth

8-10 small growth sprout

3

2-10 sprout no

growth

4-10 no growth

8-10 small growth

4

2-10 no growth

4-10 little growth

8-10 no change

5

1-10 one sprout

dead

4-10 2 have little

growth

8-10 growth

6

1-10 no change

3-10 1 has growth

8-10 growth

7

0-10 all dead

2-10 1 has .3 cm

growth

8-10 growth ranging from .1 to .

6 cm growth

Pre-Lab Questions

1. Would you expect endangered species to be more frequently generalists or specialists? Explain your answer. A panda is an example of an endangered species that is a specialist and a raccoon is an example of species that is not endangered that is a generalist. Please provide other examples of each to support your answer.

2. How does temperature affect water availability in an ecosystem?

3. Choose a species and describe at least 2 adaptations the species developed that allow that species to survive in their native habitat.

a. Adaptation 1

b. Adaptation 2

Experiment 1: Effects of pH on Radish Seed Germination

Data Tables and Post-Lab Assessment

Table 1: pH and Radish Seed Germination

Edit table headings– pH ___ and Acid, Base or Neutral, For example – pH 7 Neutral

“Observation” – What do the seeds look like? Any changes in color? size? texture? Anything else of note?

“# Seeds Germinated” – How many seeds have sprouted?

“% Seeds Germinated” – What is the percentage of the number of seeds that have sprouted?

-For example – If there were 10 seeds used and 2 have sprouted, then 20% of the seeds have sprouted.

Stage/Day Observations

Acetic Acid

(Vinegar)

pH ___ (Acid, Base or Neutral)

Sodium Bicarbonate

(Baking Soda)

pH __ (Acid, Base or Neutral)

Water

pH __ (Acid, Base or Neutral)

Observation

# Seeds Germinated

% Seeds Germinated

Observation

# Seeds Germinated

% Seeds Germinated

Observation

# Seeds Germinated

% Seeds Germinated

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Take a picture of your results. Include a note with your name and date on a piece of paper and include it in the picture. Insert picture here:

Post-Lab Questions

1. Construct a line graph based on the data from Table 1 in the space below. Place the day on the x axis, and the number of seeds germinated on the y axis. Be sure to include a title, label the x and y axes, and provide a legend describing which line corresponds to each plate (e.g., blue = acetic acid, green = sodium bicarbonate, etc…).

2. What are the controls and variables in this experiment?

a. Control Group –

b. 3 or more Controlled Variables/Constants –

c. Independent/Experimental Variable –

d. Dependent Variable –

3. Was there any noticeable effect on the germination rate of the radish seeds as a result of the pH? Compare and contrast the growth rate for the control with the alkaline and acidic solutions. Discuss what was observed in each situation.

4. According to your results would you say that the radish has a broad pH tolerance? Why or why not? Use your data to support your answer.

5. Research acid rain.

a. Describe what acid rain is.

b. What are the main causes of acid rain?

c. Where is it a problem?

d. What are the consequences of acid rain?

e. Describe at least 2 ways to reduce acid rain?

f. Cite the source used to help answer the question.

6. Knowing that acid rain has a pH of 2 – 3 would you conclude that crop species with a narrow soil pH range are in trouble? Explain why, or why not, using scientific reasoning. Is acid rain a problem for plant species and crops?