12 Jun Substances that are foreign to the host and can stimulate
Question
Fill in the blanks
1. The VDRL test result will be elevated during the _____________ stage of syphilis. (Chapter 41)
2. Substances that are foreign to the host and can stimulate an immune response are known as ______________. (Chapter 15)
3. ______________ immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through previous exposure to infectious and other foreign agents. (Chapter 15)
4. The HIV-infected person is at risk for many ______________ infections, potentially affecting the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and the nervous system. (Chapter 16)
5. The _____ subcomponent of complement induces rapid degranulation of mast cells. (Chapter 15)
6. Most STIs are transmitted by direct ____________ contact. (Chapter 41)
7. A male infant with X-linked agammaglobulinemia is typically diagnosed by undetected levels of all serum __________________. (Chapter 16)
8. _________________ is a condition caused by a single-celled protozoan parasite and contributes to the risk of infertility in both men and women. (Chapter 41)
9. ___________ immunity (also called natural or native immunity) consists of cellular and biochemical defenses that are in place before infection and respond rapidly to it. (Chapter 15)
10. The _______ is the organ most commonly affected in acute graft vs. host disease (GVHD). (Chapter 16)
11. There are five classes of __________________: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE, each with a different role in the immune defense strategy. (Chapter 15)
12. Infections that develop in patients while they are hospitalized are called _______________ infections. (Chapter 14)
13. Type _________ hypersensitivity responses result from immune responses to exogenous and endogenous antigens that produce inflammation and cause tissue damage. (Chapter 16)
14. Bacterium that harbor _____________ have increased resistance to antibiotics. (Chapter 14)
15. ______________ T cells are responsible for destroying pathogens by punching holes in their cell membrane and by secreting cytokines/lymphocytes. (Chapter 15)
16. Adding the suffix -“_________” to the name of the involved tissue usually designates inflammation of an atomic location. (Chapter 14)
17. The term “_______________” represents a number of fungi, such as those that cause ringworm, athlete’s foot, and jock itch, are incapable of growing at core body temperature. (Chapter 14)
18. ________________ is also known as genital warts and is commonly treated by cryotherapy. (Chapter 41)
19. ___________ is the class of immunoglobulin that is involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions. (Chapter 15)
20. The most visible manifestation of HPV infection is the development of genital __________. (Chapter 41)
21. Ticks, mosquitoes, mites, and lice are examples of ______________, organisms that derive benefits from their biologic relationship with another organism. (Chapter 14)
22. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the development of ___________ cancer. (Chapter 41)
23. The ____________ stage in the disease course is the period during which the host experiences the maximum impact of the infectious process. (Chapter 14)
24. Severe combined immunodeficiency is a disorder that results from the loss of ____-cell function as well as ____-cell function. (Chapter 16)
25. ________-tolerance refers to the inability to mount an immune response against a person’s own antigens. (Chapter 16)
26. Type __________ hypersensitivity reactions involve the formation and deposition of insoluble antigen-antibody complexes that cause serum sickness and acute glomerulonephritis. (Chapter 16)
27. ___________ immunity is acquired through immunization or actually having the disease. (Chapter 15)
28. The ____________ test, a test in which purified protein derivative is injected under the skin, is an example of a delayed-type hypersensitivity. (Chapter 16)
29. Diabetes mellitus is considered an _______________ disease. (Chapter 16)
30. Rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, ulcerative colitis, and myasthenia gravis are all examples of probable _______________ diseases. (Chapter 16)
31. Untreated chlamydial infection can result in ___________ ____________. (Chapter 41)
32. In the laboratory setting, the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, the organism that causes scarlet fever and rheumatic fever, stains purple with crystal violet dye. This indicates that this bacterium is a ___________-____________ organism. (Chapter 14)
33. The ____________, a large secondary lymphoid organ located high in the left abdominal cavity, filters antigens from the blood and is important in the response to systemic infections. (Chapter 15)
34. ___________________ refers to the particular collection of signs and symptoms expressed by the host during the disease course. (Chapter 14)
35. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and “_______ ________ __________” are examples of prion-associated diseases. (Chapter 14)
36. _____________ is a single-celled organism that is about the size of a red blood cell and reproduces by a budding process. (Chapter 14)
37. The STI that occurs in multiple stages and can eventually affect the cardiovascular and central nervous system is ___________. (Chapter 41)
38. ______________ immunity represents a type of immunity that is transferred from another source, such as in utero transfer of antibodies from mother to infant. (Chapter 15)
39. ______________ is a disease of the external genitalia and lymph nodes caused by the gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus ducreyi. (Chapter 41)
40. Candidiasis is also known as a _________ infection. (Chapter 41)
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