The most common neurotransmitter in the brain is

13 Jun The most common neurotransmitter in the brain is

Question
Question 1
The most common neurotransmitter in the brain is
Answer

glycine.
acetylcholine.
serotonin.
GABA.
1.5 points
Question 2
What neurotransmitter is used by neurons with cell bodies in the raphe nuclei along the
midline of the brainstem?
Answer

serotonin
dopamine
glycine
GABA
0.5 points

Question 3
Botulism toxin prevents release of Ach, causing
Answer

flaccid paralysis.
hemiplegia.
spastic paralysis.
None of the choices are correct.
0.5 points

Question 4
Degeneration of spinal motor neurons in adults may be due to a lack of ____________
factor.
Answer

brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF)
neurotrophin-3
nerve growth (NGF)
glial-derived neurotrophic (GDNF)
1.5 points
Question 5
White matter is
Answer

myelinated axons in the CNS.
myelinated axons in the PNS.
nonmyelinated cell bodies and dendrites in the CNS.
nonmyelinated axons in the CNS.
0.5 points

Question 6
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials are produced by
Answer

glycine.
glutamic acid.
gamma-aminobutyric acid.
benzodiazepines.
0.5 points

Question 7
Which gas(es) can function as a neurotransmitter?
Answer

carbon dioxide
nitric oxide
carbon monoxide
both nitric oxide and carbon monoxide.
0.5 points

Question 8
The gap of exposed axon in the myelin sheath is the
Answer

neurilemma.
node of Ranvier.
sheath of Schwann.
white matter.
0.5 points

Question 9
Muscarinic ACh receptors act through ____________ activation of K + channels.
Answer

cGMP
G-protein
M-protein
ATP
0.5 points

Question 10
Which of the following is NOT a function of neurotrophins?
Answer

maintaining sympathetic ganglion
sustain neurons that use the NT dopamine
embryonic development of neurons
regeneration of injured motor neurons
0.5 points

Question 11
In a myelinated axon, Na+ channels are

Answer

along the whole length of the axon.
every 5 mm.
concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier.
less numerous at the nodes of Ranvier.
0.5 points

Question 12
What is the predominant affect of stimulation of nicotinic-gated channels?
Answer
+

stimulation due to outflow of K ions.
inhibition due to outflow of K+ ions
stimulation due to influx of Na+ ions
inhibition due to influx of Cl- ions
0.5 points

Question 13
What type of proteins are present at chemical synapses to ensure the close proximity of
the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes?
Answer

connexins
myelin
terminal boutons
cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)
0.5 points

Question 14
Action potentials would be conducted most rapidly by
Answer

a 10 mm diameter myelinated axon.
a 10 mm diameter unmyelinated axon.
a 40 mm diameter myelinated axon.
a 40 mm diameter unmyelinated axon.
0.5 points

Question 15
What type of proteins are present in gap junctions that form water-filled channels
between neurons?
Answer

connexons
myelin
terminal boutons
cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)
0.5 points

Question 16
Which division of the nervous system innervates involuntary effectors?
Answer

central nervous system
somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system
associative nervous system
0.5 points

Question 17
Cholinergic fibers use ____ as the neurotransmitter.
Answer

norepinephrine
acetylcholine
dopamine
serotonin
0.5 points

Question 18
The mechanism that allows many Na+ ions to move into the axon is
Answer

negative feedback.
positive feedback.
equilibrium feedback.
None of the choices are correct.
0.5 points

Question 19
The disease ______________ is characterized by destruction of CNS myelin sheaths
and the formation of hardened scars.
Answer

Parkinson’s
Alzheimer’s
multiple sclerosis.
myasthenia gravis
0.5 points

Question 20
What medication acts by increasing the action of nitric oxide as a treatment for erectile
dysfunction?
Answer

Viagra
marijuan
a
Prozac
naloxone
0.5 points

Question 21
Chemicals that stimulate action potentials in postsynaptic cells are called
Answer

hormones.
enzymes.
neurotransmitters.
neurotrophins.
0.5 points

Question 22
Local anesthetics block conduction of action potentials in sensory neurons by
Answer

inhibiting the release of acetylcholine.
binding to potassium channels.
binding to sodium channels.
binding to calcium channels.
0.5 points

Question 23
Neuroleptics, which are used to treat schizophrenia, are
Answer

dopamine agonists.
ACh antagonists.
dopamine antagonists.
glutamate agonists.
0.5 points

Question 24
Postsynaptic inhibition is caused by
Acetylcholine
GABA
glycine
Both GABA and glycine
0.5 points

Question 25
What causes presynaptic inhibition?
Answer
2+

inactivation of Ca channels
a second neuron causes a reduction in neurotransmitter release from another neuron
axoaxonic synapses
All of the choices are correct.
0.5 points

Question 26
The capacity of synapses for alteration at the molecular level is termed
Answer

synaptic modulation.
synaptic alteration.
synaptic capacitance.

synaptic plasticity.
0.5 points

Question 27
Endocannabinoids are retrograde neurotransmitters, meaning they are
Answer

released from presynaptic neurons and diffuse to the postsynaptic neuron.
released from postsynaptic neurons and diffuse to the presynaptic neuron.
released from presynaptic neurons and diffuse back to the presynaptic cell body.
None of the choices are correct.
0.5 points

Question 28
The brain and spinal cord comprise the
Answer

central nervous system.
peripheral nervous system.
peripheral ganglia.
spinal nerves.
0.5 points

Question 29
What action produces an IPSP on the postsynaptic membrane?
Answer

influx of Na+ ions
opening of Ca2+ channels into the neuron
outflow of K+ ions
opening of Cl- channels into the neuron
0.5 points

Question 30
Which of the following is NOT true of dendrites?
Answer

transmits action potentials toward the cell body
are thin extensions of the cell body
transmit graded electrochemical impulses toward the cell body
contain receptive areas