Question Question 1 Unique features of

14 Jun Question Question 1 Unique features of

Question
Question 1
Unique features of the H1N1 Spanish flu virus of 1918 include all but which of the following?
Answer

The disease was exceptionally severe, with deaths estimated to be in the 50 million to 100 million range.

Both humans and swine were infected with the same H1N1 virus during the Spanish flu pandemic.

The 1918 pandemic consisted of three distinct waves in one year’s time, with differing mortality rates.

There is strong evidence that the H1N1 virus of 1918 emerged directly from a known avian (bird) virus to become a virus which infected humans.
1 points

Question 2
Avian influenza viruses bind to respiratory cells, while human influenza viruses bind to intestinal cells.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 3
Which of the following statements is not true of seasonal influenza surveillance?
Answer

The World Health Organization coordinates the submission of viruses from the U.S., the UK, Australia, and Asia for testing. Results are used in formulating annual influenza vaccines.

State-specific estimates of the number of deaths from influenza are a routine component of the CDC’s influenza surveillance activity.

In the United States, the CDC compiles, analyzes, and makes a weekly report on data collected from laboratory reports, sentinel healthcare providers, vital statistics, public health researchers, and state health departments.

Influenza-like illnesses are included in seasonal influenza surveillance.
1 points

Question 4
For avian influenza to become a pandemic, it will require sustained human to human transmission.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 5
Healthcare provider reporting of influenza activity is mandatory in the United States.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 6
Mutations in neuraminidase may lead to drug resistance to oseltamivir and zanamivir, because these drugs are neuraminidase inhibitors.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 7
State-level data on seasonal influenza are general, qualitative reports from state and territorial epidemiologists, summarizing weekly influenza activity, rather than specific numbers of infections.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 8
Viral testing evidence indicates that an adult infected with seasonal influenza will shed the virus for approximately one week after the onset of illness, after which time they will no longer test positive.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 9
The mortality curve for the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic was U shaped, indicating the bulk of deaths were among the very young and the very old.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 10
Avian influenza has been reported in domestic felines (cats).
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 11
H1N1 viruses no longer readily infect humans. They now exist mainly as porcine (swine) viruses.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 12
Antigenic shift is generally required for an influenza strain to cause a pandemic.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 13
Live attenuated vaccines are not being considered for avian influenza, due to the issues with live vaccines not being licensed in all populations, and concerns over reassortment.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 14
All influenza A pandemics since the 1918 Spanish flu have been caused by descendants of the H1N1 Spanish flu virus.
Answer
True

False

1 points

Question 15
Which of the following is not true of influenza vaccines?
Answer

Live attenuated influenza vaccine contains a weakened virus.

Vaccination of healthcare workers has been shown to be highly effective in protecting high-risk patients.

There is some evidence that inactivated vaccine appears to be more effective than live attenuated vaccine in children.

Vaccination has been shown to be beneficial for people below 65 years of age with high-risk medical conditions.