Bio 365S Homework 3 Spring 16

16 Jun Bio 365S Homework 3 Spring 16

Question
Bio 365S Homework 3 Names

Due Fri 22 April 16

.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png”> We have not previously worked together on a Bio 365S homework. (5 pts extra credit) Hand write answers.

A. CO Poisoning and 2o Drowning Last summer, a 15 year old named Sarah disappeared while boating with friends on Lake Travis. She was last seen alive holding on to the back end of an idling boat. When found, her blood contained elevated levels of carbon monoxide (CO), and her lungs were filled with interstitial fluid, a condition known as secondary drowning

1. How can exposure to fumes from a motor cause CO poisoning? (you may need to do online research) (2 pts)

2. Which is NOT a symptom of CO poisoning? Circle all that are not symptoms. Do research, if necessary!

a. headache b. nausea c. vomiting (1/2 pt each,3 pts)

d. hyperventilation e. dizziness f. cherry-red blood

3. Briefly explain your answer to “Which is NOT a symptom…” (2 pts)

4. How can a small increase in CO in the atmosphere have such a potentially deadly effect? Use bullet points to explain. (6 pts)

5. a. List 2 ways CO poisoning is SIMILAR to anemia. (4 pts)

b. List 2 ways CO poisoning DIFFERS from anemia.

6. This figure is similar to the dissociation curve, and shows blood oxygen content curves under 3 conditions: normal conditions, with CO poisoning (HbCO; carboxyhemoglobin) and in anemia.

a. Based on the graph, how does amount of oxygen bound at lungs compare between HbCO and reduced Hb (anemia)? Write >, <, or = in blank. (4 pts) HbCO anemia b. At a PO2 = 40 mm Hg, is it preferable to be anemic or have sublethal carbon monoxide poisoning? Circle one: (4 pts) Anemic sublethal CO Explain, based on the graph. (2 pts) Description: _20090726_22403009.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg">

7. a. Use the HbO2 data posted online to fill in the blanks in order to determine O2 content of blood for a normal person versus an anemic. (6 pts)

Normal

Anemic

Plasma PO2

100 mm Hg (torr)

100 mm Hg

Hb content

15 g/dL

10 g/dL

Dissolved O2 content (mL/dL)

O2 bound to Hb (mL/dL)

Total O2 content (mL/dL)

b. Based on the normal data above, if an individual has 50% carboxyhemoglobin, what is his total oxygen content in mL/dL blood? (2 pts)

8. Draw a graph on the axes to show how Hb content affects % saturation. Hint: use one of the data sets posted online.

.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.png”> (6 pts)

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9. Secondary drowning can occur when water is aspirated. This water irritates lung tissue causing water to exude into the alveoli from the interstitial fluid. Alveolar edema is the hallmark of , which is a

disorder. This condition decreases and increases

, by overwhelming and increasing in the lungs. What happens to lung volumes as a result?

What other major aspect of “successful respiration” is directly impacted, and how? (8 pts)

B. Compare/Contrast Other Respiratory pathologies Match the disorder to the description by placing the correct letter in the blank. Each blank may have more than one answer; each letter may be used multiple times. Write none if none fit. A = Asthma P = pneumothorax F = fibrosis N= NRDS E= Emphysema (20 pts)

Plasma PO2 & PCO2 are normal TPP = zero mm Hg

IPP often > IB pressure best treated with muscarinic agonist

High inspiratory capacity low FEV1/%FVC

Obstructive disorder low surfactant

High elastic recoil hemoglobin reduced

C. The Ice Man Wim Hof is a 57 year old, 180 lb Dutch man who is nicknamed “The Ice Man” due to his ability to endure extreme cold. Wim Hof can also endure extreme heat and dryness, and he can hold his breath for over six minutes. One of Wim Hof’s most notorious feats is climbing to 22,000 ft on Everest (short of the peak) without supplemental oxygen, wearing only shorts and shoes.

1. Do some research, and find the Patm at 22,000 ft. mm Hg What is the partial pressure of oxygen at this atmospheric pressure? Estimate his alveolar & plasma PO2 while at 22,000 ft. Alveolar Plasma Estimate his % saturation at this PO2. (5 pts)

2. What is the total blood oxygen of a mountain climber whose hemoglobin is 16 g/dL but arterial PO2 is 20 mm Hg? Note that hemoglobin binds 1.34 ml O2 per g Hb when Hb is 100% saturated, and that he has 5 L blood.You will also need the posted HbO2 data to help you answer. (5 pts)

3. While most climbers have to spend a week or so at base camp before ascending, Wim Hof does not. However, he has basically spent most of his adult life in preparation for such extreme climates by repeatedly submerging himself in ice and by exposing himself to hypobaric conditions. His preparations have been effective because hypoxia . . . circle all correct! (5 pts)

a. causes more oxygen to be released to the tissues d. upregulates production of myoglobin

b. stimulates increased EPO production and thus increased Hb e. increases dissolved O2 in blood

c. causes increased hematocrit via increased plasma production

4. What is the effect of cold upon oxygen released to tissues? Circle one: increase decrease no change

Briefly explain. (4 pts)

Note: According to actual data collected, Wim Hof can maintain normal core temperature and heart rate, despite a surface body temperature of 4oC! He does this by “controlling his autonomic nervous system.”

5. One of Wim Hof’s techniques is to practice breath control. For starters, he forcibly hyperventilates, such that his breathing rate increases from 15 to 30 breaths per minute, and his tidal volume increases from 900 to 3 L. (4 pts)

a. What is his normal resting alveolar ventilation rate? Show work. Answer:

b. His alveolar ventilation when hyperventilating is times greater than his normal alv ventilation.

(2 pts)

6. When Wim Hof forcibly hyperventilates, what is the: (6 pts)

Specific I.C. Efferent

Effector(s) specific for expiration: