NKU NRP472 2019 February Module 4 Quiz Latest

16 Jun NKU NRP472 2019 February Module 4 Quiz Latest

Question
NRP472 NURSING RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE

Module 4 Quiz

Question 1

One weakness associated with cause-probing correlational research is which of the following?

Problem of self-selection into groups

Difficulty in linking the research to a theoretical framework

Inability to generalize the findings beyond the sample

Artificiality of the settings in which it occurs

Question 2

Which of the following is the most effective method for controlling participant factors?

Using a homogeneous sample

Statistical control

Matching subjects

Randomization

Question 3

The nurse wishes to study the opinions of high school students concerning the availability of health care services at XYZ High School during the past school year. What research design best fits with the study objective?

Trend study

Cross-sectional study

Follow-up study

Longitudinal study

Question 4

The nurse plans a study comparing the occurrence of anxiety disorders in military personnel deployed overseas with those who served strictly within the borders of the United States. What research design should be selected for this study?

Nonexperimental

Experimental

Cohort

Quasi-Experimental

Question 5

Which of the following can reduce the statistical conclusion validity of a study?

Low attrition

Low maturation

Low power

Low generalizability

Question 6

To study the effects of Healing Touch; what is the best choice to minimize confounding variables?

Offer another activity that gives similar time and attention to control group participants.

Offer to enroll only individuals who do not have any medical conditions.

Offer all participants a Healing Touch session when data collection is completed.

Offer a small payment for participants’ time.

Question 7

An important function of a rigorous research design in a quantitative study is to have control over which of the following?

Mediating variables

Confounding variables

Carryover variables

Outcome variables

Question 8

When addressing control of confounding variables, which of the following best describes the question to be answered by the researcher?

When will the data on the variables be collected?

Where will data collection occur?

What other variables may influence the results?

Who needs to know sensitive information about the research details?

Question 9

What study design flaw may lead to a failure to achieve statistical significance?

Cross-sectional data collection

Small sample size

Adequate exposure to the intervention

Variables precisely defined

Question 10

Studies that collect data at one point in time are called which of the following?

Time series

Cross-sectional studies

Crossover studies

Longitudinal studies

Question 11

A researcher used a systematic sampling plan. The sample size was 200. The sampling interval was 250. The first element drawn was 196. The second element would be:

646

396

45

446

Question 12

A self-report method used to measure subjective experiences such as pain and fatigue is which of the following?

In vivo measurements

Observation

Likert scales

Visual analog scales

Question 13

On a 20-item Likert scale with five response categories, the range of possible scores is which of the following?

20 to 80

0 to 100

20 to 100

0 to 50

Question 14

On a five-point Likert scale, a person who strongly agreed with a statement would be scored as which of the following?

Cannot be determined

5

3

1

Question 15

Which of the following is a probability sampling method?

Convenience sampling

Consecutive sampling

Systematic sampling

Quota sampling

Question 16

Which of the following are advantages to biophysiologic measures?

Biophysiologic measurements are self-reported.

Patients cannot distort the measurements and have objective measures.

Biophysiologic measurements are subjective and accurate.

Biophysiologic measurements effectively indicate pain levels.

Question 17

Questionnaires have the advantage of which of the following?

Offering the possibility of anonymity

Having high response rates

Being suitable for all types of study participants

Reducing the possibility of response set biases

Question 18

A major advantage of closed-ended questions is that they do which of the following?

Are easy to construct

Are not subject to response biases

Are analyzed in a straightforward manner

Encourage in-depth responses

Question 19

A survey question asks subjects to respond to the following statement: “The overall hospital experience that I received during my hospital stay considered my needs as an individual.” They were asked to identify, on a five-point scale, the degree to which they agreed or disagreed with the statement. This is an example of which scale?

Visual analog scale

Social scale

Differential scale

Likert scale

Question 20

Which statement regarding sampling error and sampling bias is accurate?

Sampling bias may be defined as the difference between data obtained from a simple random sample and the data that would be obtained if an entire population were measured.

Sampling bias occurs by chance.

Sampling error may be contained in sample data even when the most careful random sampling procedure has been used to obtain the sample.

Sampling error and sampling bias are synonymous.

Question 21

When considering the evidence that men in nursing had an important role in the evolution of nursing as a profession, what qualitative research design is appropriate to study this phenomenon of interest?

Phenomenology

Grounded theory

Historical

Ethnography

Question 22

Participant observation is a data collection strategy used in almost all of which of the following?

Case studies

Descriptive qualitative studies

Phenomenological studies

Ethnographic studies

Question 23

Which of the following is characteristic of qualitative research?

It depends on the robust nature of statistical analysis.

It is capable of adjusting to what is being learned during data collection.

It involves survey research design.

It does not have to obtain Institutional Review Board approval before conducting the study.

Question 24

Grounded theory tries to account for people’s actions from the perspective of those involved. It seeks to discover this main concern or problem and the behavior that is designed to resolve it. The manner in which people resolve this main concern is known as which of the following?

The core variable

Constant comparison

A single entity

Participatory action research

Question 25

Hermeneutics is closely allied with which research tradition?

Grounded theory

Ethnography

Phenomenology

Symbolic Interaction

Question 26

An ethnographic study of a clinic that specialized in abortion services by someone from outside that culture would most likely be an example of which of the following?

A macroethnography

A microethnography

An auto-ethnography

A critical ethnography

Question 27

The term emergent design in qualitative inquiry refers to a research design that emerges at which of the following times?

Before the study is begun

During the conduct of a literature review

While the researcher is in the field collecting data

While the researcher develops a conceptual framework

Question 28

Which of the following approaches involves the use of a procedure known as constant comparison?

Historical

Phenomenology

Ethnography

Grounded theory

Question 29

Ethnographers strive to do which of the following?

Develop an etic perspective

Link the etic and emic perspectives into a unified whole

Understand human cultures

Understand the essence of a phenomenon

Question 30

The question, “What are the basic social processes women use to maintain balance through their menopausal transition?” is an example of a research question within which of the following traditions?

Phenomenology

Ethnography

Grounded theory

Qualitative description

Question 31

Which of the following statements about sampling in qualitative research is true?

Convenience sampling is considered the most appropriate method of selecting sample members.

The type of sampling approach can change and evolve over the course of data collection.

Larger samples are considered more rigorous than smaller samples.

Using randomness in the sampling process is desirable.

Question 32

Samples of ten or fewer study participants would be most likely to be found in which of the following?

Phenomenological study

Grounded theory study

Ethnography

Participatory action study

Question 33

Which of the following data collection approaches is conducted with a group of 5 to 10 people simultaneously?

Focus group interview

Photo elicitation interview

Focused interview

Critical incidents interview

Question 34

Which of the following statements about sampling is true?

Convenience sampling is used by both qualitative and quantitative researchers.

Quantitative researchers establish eligibility criteria, but qualitative researchers do not.

Focus groups would not be used in qualitative descriptive studies.

Extreme case sampling is a type of theoretical sampling.

Question 35

Near the end of data collection, qualitative researchers may employ the technique of sampling which of the following?

Typical cases

Criterion cases

Disconfirming cases

Deviant cases

Question 36

When developing a theory, a nurse researcher uses theoretical sampling to do which of the following?

To gain new informants via referrals from other informants

To find cases that meet a predetermined criterion of importance

To choose sampling groups that will further the emerging conceptualization

To learn from the most unusual and extreme informants

Question 37

Theoretical sampling is most likely to be used by which of the following?

Phenomenologists

Ethnographers

Grounded theory researchers

Qualitative descriptive researchers

Question 38

A critical concern for qualitative researchers in their sampling decisions is which of the following?

Obtaining a sample that is representative of the population under study

Obtaining a sample with high potential for generalizability

Accessing information-rich sources of data

Recruiting a sample that can facilitate saturation quickly and efficiently

Question 39

Which of the following is true regarding qualitative and quantitative research?

Quantitative research and qualitative research both prefer a large sample to a small one, because it produces stronger statistical results.

Quantitative research and qualitative research both use random samples whenever possible, to enhance the ability to predict within a wider population.

Quantitative research and qualitative research both determine sample size in the same manner.

Quantitative research and qualitative research both develop eligibility criteria before consenting study participants.

Question 40

When collecting data through interviews, qualitative researchers rely primarily on which of the following?

A priori ideas

Supplemental physiological data

Structured questions

Self-report