18 Jun HOW DID THIS HELP CREATE
HOW DID THIS HELP CREATE THE MARKET REVOLUTION?
September 20, 2018Posted by: kajo No Comments
What is the difference between the self-sufficient farmers of the 18thcentury and commercial farmers of the 19th century?
The main difference between the self-sufficient farmers of the 18thcentury and commercial farmers of the 19th century was the newfound characteristic, competition. The 19th century is most widely noted as the time of the Market Revolution in the United States, a time of great economic transformation. “Americans no longer produced goods for self-sustaining needs but rather for sale to markets. Goods that were made at home to meet the basic needs of the family were now purchased at markets.” It was a time of great technological advancement in transportation, communication, and occupationally. It quickened the pace of economic growth, and pulled many people out of self-sufficient work.
Competition began to heavily influence the minds and work ethic of farmers, because once you make money you want more, and then more. It’s a vicious cycle. The new era presented great economic opportunity for these farmers, so where they used to just focus on feeding the family, now they are able to dream big and work hard to give themselves and their family the things they want and need.
What is the difference between 19th century private freedoms during the market revolution and the 18th century public freedoms during the revolutionary era?
From communal independence to private independence, while the revolutionary era tells the story of how we became an independent America, the Market Revolution tells the tale of what we did with the vast lands of opportunity ahead of us in our new country. The Market Revolution knit the country together through the national market. Before the Market Revolution, people were more isolated in their own regions, this era aided in the unity of our people through the shared experience of working in the market. We are able to trace the beginnings of American Nationalism, and profound changes American society from this time. New changes we see specifically were the spread of market relations, westward movement and increased Political Democracy.
New notions of freedom were economic opportunity, physical mobility, and popular participation in the political process. Make some money! Move around! Vote for social change! There was this whole new concept of “choice” that we gained, and we have kept it ever since. Before this era we were fighting for the very existence as a country of our own, and now that it had been won, people wanted to bathe in the beautiful life and opportunities that they had fought for.
How did the various communications and transportation technologies help in laying the foundation for the market revolution?
When we think about communication technology in the Market Era, we think about the telegraph. Created by Samuel F.B. Morse, the telegraph was essentially a wired text messenger. It used the system of Morse code, created by Morse himself, which was a system that used on-off tones/lights to transmit messages. This was a big deal because previous to the telegraph, people would have to literally deliver messages by voice or hand. Being in a different place while communicating with the same person was a foreign concept to anyone in the 1800’s and back. This was an even bigger deal in laying the foundation for the Market Revolution because the ability to communicate with someone from a far distance created the concept of a uniform market price/value. People’s ability to choose and the very existence of choice had just become 100 times stronger because you now have knowledge that “Hey, why am I buying corn for 10 dollars from Jimmy up North if Sam is selling it for 5 down south?” In 1830, the telegraph was refined, and by 1844 it is in commercial use and 50,000 miles of cable run around the country to connect it.
Before the steamboat, traveling on water was either by wind power or manpower. Travel and exploration was very limited because it cost a lot of money and was always dependent on the always changing weather or the strength of men. It wasn’t until 1807 that man named Robert Fulton created the steamboat and gave birth to a game changer in water travel. Fulton tested his boat called the Claremont on the Hudson River, and was able to go up against currents. This was huge because now people could go to and move to places like the deeper parts of the state and country because the water became an easily navigatable space. The spread of people meant the spread of markets, different terrains offered different opportunities in production. By the 1830’s (a little before our friend the telegraph hit the scene), steamboats became so big you could see about 200 people going up and down the Mississippi River. The steamboat offered the spread of market relations, westward movement, and saving some dang money! But for the steamboat to truly be successful, people needed canals. There was a necessity for longer canals for more boats to go down and more land to see, and the canal of all canals was the Erie Canal. The Erie Canal started being built in 1817, was finished by 1825, and was also in New York where the steamboat was being tested, and laid 363 miles ling. Farmers began to populate places along the canal; new cities emerged (Rochester, Syracuse, Buffalo). People were moving further, creating communities, people could grow and sell to the big city (NYC) and were able to make some good money because the boats were able to ship their goods. By the 1830’s, there were 3000 miles of canals in the country. The Railroad system gave us the ability to navigate regular terrain because there was more land than rivers. In 1828, the Baltimore and Ohio Rail line was completed and by 1860, there was a railroad network of 30,000 miles of rail lines in the country. During the time we had more rail lines than the rest of the world combined movement.
How did technological advancement in agriculture help transform
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