22 Jun ed by: kajo No Comments
September 20, 2018Posted by: kajo No Comments
Part 1
Georg von Bekesy was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1961 for his research on how the basilar membrane in the cochlea reacts to sound waves. You may recall that the basilar membrane has hair cells (auditory receptors) on it that produce action potentials by the movement of the membrane. Bekesy conducted research on the basilar membrane using different methodologies.
The interaction between visual input and speech can alter perception. At times, seeing a person speak can make auditory processing easier for someone who has hearing damage or when the person speaking has a strong accent. At other times, the perception of speech can be negatively altered by what is seen, such as what happens during the McGurk effect.
Respond to the following:
Describe how Bekesy conducted his research studies and what did he discover by conducting these studies.
Although his experiments yielded a lot of useful information, there were some limitations to using cadavers. Explain one primary limitation that more contemporary scientists have identified.
Explain traveling wave theory. Explain how the peaking of the wave leads to action potentials and sound transmission. Explain if Bekesy’s theory about traveling waves and sound production largely stands the test of time.
Explain what you think about the McGurk effect. Describe the times in everyday interaction when atypical or conflicting lip movements might interfere with what is being said. How do people process what is being said when watching a dubbed movie?
Part 2
As we age, our sensory abilities change in predictable ways. Unfortunately, during our geriatric years, much of the change in sensation is associated with a loss in ability. After the middle years, our senses become less acute and we have trouble discriminating between subtle differences and sensing details. For example, our sense of smell decreases, and this partially contributes to the loss of taste.
Cutaneous sensation refers to a person’s ability to detect various stimuli as they touch or otherwise come in contact with the skin. As you know, we have different cutaneous senses, such as pain, temperature, touch, and pressure. It is obvious that certain parts of the body contain different amounts and types of receptors. Two parts of our body that are packed with sensory receptors are the mouth and fingers.
Describe the normal range of human hearing, and how this range changes with age. Explain why younger people can hear high-pitched ringtones but older people cannot.
The fingers are full of touch receptors; however, there are fewer receptors in the center of the back. Why do you think this is the case? Does this serve some adaptive purpose?
What is the role of temperature receptors? Consider the body’s distribution pattern for temperature receptors. Are they distributed the same as touch receptors?
Touch and temperature receptors are not distributed the same way on the surface of the skin. Explain the changes if any that occur to touch and temperature receptors due to aging.
Make sure to cite references to support factual statements. Please take care to do in cite citations, and keep everything in APA format. When referring to specific articles in the body of your writing use only last names and the year of publication. Not initials. Titles should be left for the full reference section. Be clear an
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