23 Jun Semester 2015-16Department of Mathematics
Semester 2015-16Department of Mathematics
MTL 106 (Introduction to Probability and Stochastic Processes)
Tutorial Sheet No. 8
1. Consider a M/M/1 queuing model. Find the waiting time distribution for any customer in this model.
Deduce the mean waiting time from the above distribution.
2. Patients visit a doctor in accordance with a Poisson process at the rate of 8 per hour, and the time doctor
takes to examine any patient is exponential with mean 6 minutes. All arriving patients attended by the
doctor.
(a) Find the probability that the patient has to wait on arrival.
(b) Find the expected total time spent (including the service time) by any patient who visits the doctor.
3. Consider a multiplexer that collects traffic formed by messages arriving according to exponentially distributed
interarrival times. The multiplexer is formed by a buffer and a transmission line. Assume that, the transmission
time of a message is exponentially distributed with the mean value 10 ms. From measurements on
the state of the buffer, we know that the idle buffer probability is 0.8.
(a) The underlying queueing model is ……….
(b) The mean delay (waiting time) for the message is ……..
4. Consider that two identical M/M/1 queuing systems with the same rates ?, ? are in operation side by side
(with separate queues) in a premises. Find the distribution of the total number, N, in the two systems taken
together in long-run.
5. Prove that mean time spent in an M=M=1 system having arrival rate ? and service rate 2? is less than the
mean time spent in an M=M=2 system with arrival rate ? and each service rate ?.
6. Ms. H. R. Cutt runs a one-person, unisex hair salon. She does not make appointments, but runs the salon
on a first-come, first-served basis. She finds that she is extremely busy on Saturday mornings, so she is
considering hiring a part-time assistant and even possibly moving to a larger building. Having obtained a
masters degree in operations research (OR) prior to embarking upon her career, she elects to analyze the
situation carefully before making a decision. She thus keeps careful records for a succession of Saturday
mornings and finds that customers seem to arrive according to a Poisson process with a mean arrival rate of
5/hr. Because of her excellent reputation, customers were always willing to wait. The data further showed
that customer processing time (aggregated female and male) was exponentially distributed with an average
of 10 min. Cutt interested to calculate the following measures:
(a) What is the average number of customers in the shop?
(b) What is the average number of customers waiting for a haircut?
(c) What is the percentage of time an arrival can walk right in without having to wait at all?
(d) If waiting room has only four seats at present, what is the probability that a customer, will not able
to find a seat and have to stand.
7. City Hospitals eye clinic offers free vision tests everyWednesday evening. There are three ophthalmologists on
duty. A test takes, on the average, 20 min, and the actual time is found to be approximately exponentially
distributed around this average. Clients arrive according to a Poisson process with a mean of 6/hr, and
patients are taken on a first-come, first-served basis. The hospital planners are interested in knowing:
(a) What is the average number of people waiting?
(b) What is the average amount of time a patient spends at the clinic?
8. Consider New Delhi International Airport. Suppose that, it has three runway. Airplanes have been found to
arrive at the rate of 20 per hour. It is estimated that each landing takes 3 minutes. Assume that a Poisson
process for arrivals and an exponential distribution for landing times. Without loss of generality, assume
that the system is modeled as a birth and death process. What is the steady state probability that the no
waiting time to land? What is the expected number of airplanes waiting to land? Find the expected waiting
time to land?
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I Semester 2015-16
9. Consider a telephone switching system consisting of n trunks with an infinite caller population. We assume
that an arrival call is lost if all trunks are busy.
(a) Find the expression for ?n the steady state probability that n trunks are busy.
(b) This above system must design the number of trunks, n, in order to guarantee a blocking probability
lower than or equal to 2%. The following data are available: The arrival stream is Poisson with rate 6
per minute. Each call has a duration modeled by an exponentially distributed variable with mean value
of 3 minutes. The value of n is …….
10. A service center consists of two servers, each working at an exponential rate of two services per hour. If
customers arrive at a Poisson rate of three per hour, then, assuming a system capacity of at most
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