24 Jun ACADEMIC WRITING SERVICES
ACADEMIC WRITING SERVICES – APA Format, 6th Edition
Below is the writing style that is known as APA which is internationally accepted.
APA reference list entries for books (pp. 202-205)
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title: Subtitle. City, State:
Publisher.
Judd, D. M. (2007). A history of American nursing: Trends and eras.
Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.
Note: Use the two letter postal abbreviation for the state.
Chapter in a book (p. 204)
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor &
B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx of chapter). City, State:
Publisher.
Haybron, D. M. (2008). Philosophy and the science of subjective well-being. In M. Eid &
R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 17-43). New York,
NY: Guilford Press.
ERIC document (p. 212)
Chernus, K., & Fowler, D. (2010). Integrating curriculum: Lessons for adult education
from career and technical education. Washington, DC: National Institute for
Literacy. Retrieved from ERIC database. (ED512295)
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Unpublished master’s thesis (pp. 207-208)
Spiva, M. (2010). Development of coping strategies used by parents of children with
autism (Unpublished master’s thesis). California State University,
Stanislaus, Turlock, CA.
Journal article in print, paginated by issue (p. 199)
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title:
Subtitle, volume number(issue number), pp-pp.
Bowns, C., & Stevenson, A. (2010). Toward small town revitalization in the Middle
Susquehanna River Valley: Re-assessing historic and regional resources for
collaborative development. Material Culture, 42(2), 1-27.
Journal article retrieved from a database with digital object identifiers (p. 198)
Resor, C. W. (2010). Place-based education: What is its place in the social studies
classroom? Social Studies, 101, 185-188. doi:10.1080/00377990903493853
Journal article retrieved from a database without digital object identifiers (p. 199)
Clark, A. J. (2010). Empathy: An integral model in the counseling process. Journal of
Counseling & Development, 88, 348-356. Retrieved from Academic Search
Elite database.
Note: The 6th edition of the APA manual says on p. 192, “In general, it is not necessary to
include any database information” for journal articles, because “journal coverage in a
particular database may change over time.” However, APA format allows for the
inclusion of database information if your instructor requests it or for articles that are
difficult to locate. If you have any questions about whether or not to include database
information, please consult with your instructor.
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APA format for a web page (p. 187)
Author, A. (Year). Title: Subtitle. Retrieved from http://webpage.address
Note: Include the same elements in the same order as a print reference source.
Deubel, P. (2011). Standardized test preparation and tips for success. Retrieved from
http://www.ct4me.net/standardized_test_preparation.htm
When a document is retrieved from a university, government, or nonprofit
organization’s website, add enough electronic retrieval information as needed to
locate the source (see examples in chapter 7 of the Publication Manual)
Fact book 2008-2009. (n.d.). Retrieved from California State University, Stanislaus,
Office of Institutional Research website: http://www.csustan.edu/IR/Pages/
documents/FACTBOOK2008-2009_FINALforIRWebsite.pdf
Notes: If no identified author, title appears before the publication date. If no publication
date is shown, use n.d. in parentheses.
Rules for the reference list
Begin on a separate page.
Do not change the order of authors in each individual reference.
Alphabetize the reference list by the last name of the first author listed in each
individual reference. If there is no author, alphabetize by the title.
Double-space the reference list.
Each reference entry has a hanging indent in which the first line is out to the left
margin. Subsequent lines are indented five spaces.
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APA format for in-text citations (pp. 170-171)
Paraphrasing: you are required to include the authors’ last names and year of
publication, and encouraged to provide a page number where the information that
is cited may be found
(Taylor & Green, 2004, p. 56)
If no author, abbreviate title
(“Quest for Redemption,” 2007)
Quotation (fewer than 40 words): place in quotation marks,
cite using authors’ last names, year of publication, and page number
(Taylor & Green, 2004, p. 56)
Note: Quotations of 40 or more words are placed into a block format.
Rules for citing works by multiple authors (p. 177)
2 authors: List both authors when you cite the work. (Wagner & Clarke, 1999)
3 to 5 authors: List all authors the first time you cite the work.
(Kern, Cornwell, Jones, Berry, & Howard, 2003)
In subsequent citations, list the first author followed by et al. (Kern et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: List the first author followed by et al. each time you cite the
work. (Williams et al., 2007)
For more information
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition)
REF BF 76.7 .P83 2010
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