26 Jun BIOLOGY Hearing – Practice Test
Question
Hearing – Practice Test
Definitions – Briefly define the following terms.
Scala Media:
Transform function:
Helmholtz’s Resonance Theory of Hearing:
True or False
____ Hair cells found near the helicotrema are sensitive to low frequency sounds, whereas hair cells found near the stapes are sensitive to hig frequency sounds.
____ Deafness will result when the stria vascularis is selectively destroyed by a chemical agent, even if the rest of the auditory system remains intact and undamaged.
____ Most of the afferent nerves have synapses on outer hair cells, while only about 5% of the afferents have synapses on inner hair cells.
____ Bekesey won the Nobel prize for his investigations of the motility of outer hair cells.
____ Although inner and outer hair cells are anatomically different, they have very similar functions.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
____ Which of the following is true: a) The basilar membrane is stiffer at the apex than at the base, b) The width of the cochlear duct is narrowest at the apex, c) The basilar membrane is wider at the base of the cochlea than at the apex.
____ If we record the time between the onset of a tone and the response of the auditory nerve, which of the following elicits the shortest response time? a) a 7 kHz tone, b) a 1000 Hz tone, c) a 200 Hz tone, d) the response time is the same for all tones.
____ The mechanical response of the basilar membrane described by Bekesey does not provide an explanation for the sharpness of frequency tuning observed at the level of the auditory nerve.
____ Endolymph is found in the a) scala tympani, b) scala vestibuli, c) scala media, d) none of the above.
____ Phase locking refers to a) constructive interference between two sound waves, b) a localization cue derived from the difference in arrival times of a sound at each ear, c) the tendency for depolarizations of an auditory fiber to be temporally distributed during one-half cycle of a sinusoidal stimulus, d) the fact that the membrane of the round window is displaced outward whenever the stapes is displaced inward, and vice-versa.
ESSAYS
1). Acoustic information can exist in two different forms, a spectral representation and a temporal representation. In both cases, discuss how inner ear mechanisms convert acoustic information into an internal representation (i.e. a neural code).
2) How do inner hair cells and outer hair cells differ with regard to their functions?
3) Describe the depolarization process of a hair cell, starting with the bending of the cilia.
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