26 Jun Provide a hypothesis for the observations made by Ignaz
Question
Case Study Demonstrating the Scientific Method
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CASE STUDY OVERVIEW:
• Ignaz Semmelweis (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Semmelweis ) was the head of obstetrics in 1846 at Vienna General Hospital
• That year, 459 women died from childbed fever in one of the Divisions at the hospital (Table 1).
• His goal (and yours!) is to determine the cause of this disease.
A FEW EXTRA PIECES OF INFORMATION:
• The hospital had two divisions: 1 and 2
• Division 1: Doctors and medical students delivered babies (after doing autopsies in the morning)
• Division 2: Midwives delivered babies
• In Division 2, mortality rates were much lower
• Around the same time, one of his colleague’s died of a massive infection, he was able to determine the cause through an autopsy of childbed fever
• This colleague was stuck in the finger by a scalpel during an autopsy on a woman who died of childbed fever
TABLE 1: Mortality rates for the First and Second Clinic at the Vienna General Hospital 1841–1846.
First clinic
Second clinic
Year
Births
Deaths
Rate (%)
Births
Deaths
Rate (%)
1841
3,036
237
7.8
2,442
86
3.5
1842
3,287
518
15.8
2,659
202
7.6
1843
3,060
274
9.0
2,739
164
6.0
1844
3,157
260
8.2
2,956
68
2.3
1845
3,492
241
6.9
3,241
66
2.0
1846
4,010
459
11.4
3,754
105
2.8
QUESTIONS:
1. Provide a hypothesis for the observations made by Ignaz.
2. Given your hypothesis, what would your prediction be?
3. How would you test your hypothesis? (Provide a brief description of an experiment that you would design)
4. What would you expect to discover in your experiment?
5. Now you have a “result” from your experiment, what would you do?
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