27 Jun Devry SCI214 week 7 ilab
Question
Week 7: Sensory Abilities
Invitation to Inquiry
There are many kinds of eye-glasses used for special purposes. People who fish like to wear polarizing sunglasses. People who shoot guns competitively, typically wear amber colored glasses. Conduct some research to determine why each prefers a particular kind of eye-wear.
Background
This laboratory exercise gives you an opportunity to study how we sense changes in our surroundings. Your ability to sense changes in your surroundings involves (1) the specific ability of sense organs to respond to stimuli (detection), (2) the transportation of information from the sense organ to the brain by way of the nervous system (transmission), and (3) the decoding and interpretation of the information by the brain (perception). In order for us to sense something, all three of these links must be functioning properly. For example, a deaf person might be unable to detect sound because (1) there is something wrong with the ear itself, (2) the nerves that carry information from the ear to the brain are damaged, or (3) the portion of the brain that interprets information about sound is not functioning properly. While this laboratory activity focuses on the function of sense organs, it is important to keep in mind that the peripheral and central nervous systems are also important in determining your sensory ability. All sense organs contain specialized cells that are altered in some way by changes in their environment (stimuli). The sensory cells depolarize and since they are connected to nerve cells, they cause the nerve cells to which they are attached to depolarize as well, and information is sent to the brain for interpretation by way of nerve pathways.
In this lab exercise you will:
1. Make a map of the location of different kinds of taste buds on your tongue.
2. Determine several characteristics of the sense of “touch.”
3. Locate different kinds of temperature sensors in the skin.
4. Study several aspects of visual acuity.
5. Study several aspects of the sense of hearing.
Temperature Sense–Detecting Hot and Cold
Work with a partner.
1. With a pen, draw a square with 20 mm sides on the back of the subject’s hand, then subdivide this square into 16 smaller squares by dividing each of the sides into 5 mm segments.
2. Have the subject keep eyes closed and place his or her hand flat on the table.
3. Obtain a nail that has been in ice-cold water. Dry it off with a paper towel.
Lightly touch each of the squares of the grid on the hand at random. The subject should respond by saying “cold” if such a sensation is actually felt; otherwise the subject remains silent. It is important for the subject to ignore the sense of touch and concentrate on the sensation of cold.
4. For every positive response, the experimenter marks a plus sign (+) on the following grid at a point corresponding to the point tested on the skin.
5. Be sure that the nail is really cold when you make each test.
6. Repeat this exercise with a very warm nail and record your results on the second grid.
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