saint psy325 full course

28 Jun saint psy325 full course

Question
Module 1 discussion

Consider these examples, reviewed in Life Span Development by John Santrock (2008, McGraw Hill, 11e).

“Ted Kaczynski sprinted through high school, not bothering with his junior year and making only passing efforts at social contact. Off to Harvard at age 16, Kaczynski was a loner during his college years. One of his roommates at Harvard said that he avoided people by quickly shuffling by them and slamming the door behind him. After obtaining his Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Michigan, Kaczynski became a professor at the University of California at Berkeley. His colleagues there remember him as hiding from social circumstances—no friends, no allies, no networking.

After several years at Berkeley, Kaczynski resigned and moved to a rural area of Montana where he lived as a hermit in a crude shack for 25 years. Town residents described him as a bearded eccentric. Kaczynski traced his own difficulties to growing up as a genius in a kid’s body and sticking out like a sore thumb in his surrounding as a child. In 19656, he was arrested and charged as the notorious Unabomber, America’s most wanted killer who sent 16 mail bombs in 17 years that left 23 people wounded or maimed, and 3 people dead. In 1998, he pleaded guilty to the offenses and was sentenced to life in prison.

A decade before Kaczynski mailed his first bomb, Alice Walker, who later won the Pulitzer Prize for her book The Color Purple, spent her days battling racism in Mississippi. She had recently won her first writing fellowship, but rather than use the money to follow her dream of moving to Senegal, Africa, she put herself into the heart and heat of the civic rights movement. Walker had grown up knowing the brutal effects of poverty and racism. Born in 1955, she was the eighth child of Georgia sharecropper who earned $300 a year. When Walker was 8, her brother accidentally shot her in the left eye with a BB gun. By the time her parents got her to the hospital a week later (they had no car), she was blind in that eye and it had developed a disfiguring layer of scar tissue. Despite the counts against her, Walker overcame pain and anger and went on to become not only an award-winning novelist but also an essayist, a poet, a short-story writer, and a social activist.” (p. 4)

Considering that we are all products of both heredity and environment, analyze these two cases based on what you’ve read in the first two chapters. Specifically:

Considering the families of theories discussed in Chapter 1, (biological theories, psychodynamic theories, behavioral theories, cognitive theories) pick two of the broad theoretical perspectives and describe what they would say about development as it relates to these two individuals (apply two theories to both individuals). Be “creative” in your applications. Think of numerous applications though they may not exactly fit. Use this as an opportunity to drill down into the theories.

Now, think of the influence of biology (Chapter 2). What possible hereditary influence may have contributed to the behaviors and life choices of these two individuals? Stretch on this one.

Module 2 discussion

You read about healthy development in the three domains of the physical, cognitive, and emotional throughout this book.

From what you read in the two chapters for this week, pick out 3-5 factors that contribute to healthy development that were unusual, unique, or which you had never thought about before. Think creatively and support your answer. Draw in class text concepts and cite correctly, for full credit. Show how your main topics actually relate to healthy development.

In your response to your classmates’ posts, challenge your classmates’ responses as to their uniqueness.

By the way, please review my discussion board expectations from week one.

Module 3 discussion

Your textbook mentions daycare/childcare in a couple of sections (you’ll read about it next week as well). After you’ve read all the reading for this week, answer the following questions. Don’t make this a political response (“I like . . . don’t like childcare”) but use it as an example to pull together and apply core concepts from the two chapters for the week.

Divide your answer into three sections (use a heading for each section)

1. What would be necessary in a childcare setting to stimulate full development during infancy and toddler hood? Think of physical/motor, cognitive, language, personality and sociocultural development. Don’t write a book but pick out main points and make it clear that you are applying text content.

2. Based on the chapters’ content, what could go wrong in development because of a daycare setting? What would be the optimum daycare environment to complete development?

3. What would you as a parent contribute to the development of your child that daycare can’t?

In your answer, make sure you address all of the questions asked and draw in text material that applies (cite correctly per APA)

Module 4 discussion

In the chapters for the week, you read about three theories of cognitive development during the early childhood years (Piaget, Vygotsky, and the information process approach).

For this discussion board, let’s make some practical applications of the theories. Make a list of 4-5 actions (what you can “do”) to enhance cognitive development based on each of the theories. Then tell us why those actions are important based on the theory (cite correctly).

So, set it up this way.

Piaget

1.action one (with explanation)

2. action two (with explanation)

3. etc.

4. etc.

Vygotsky

1. action, etc.

2., etc.

3. etc.

4. etc.

Information Processing approach

1. action, etc.

2.etc.

3. etc.

4. etc.

Make sure to read the text sections thoroughly before providing your action steps.

Module 5 discussion

The chapters on middle childhood introduce many issues and problems which can follow a child throughout his/her life (obesity, school problems, self concept issues, effects of divorce, etc.)

Pick one issue from the chapters and explain 3-5 things you learned about that issue (new or unique information—not something you knew already). Then suggest what you could do to make sure the issue did not cause long term problems for the child. Make sure to draw specific concepts and findings from the text as you answer this last part. Make a list of suggestions and cite your support.

By the way, tell us why the information was “new” or “unique”.

When you respond to classmates’ posts, add additional ideas, or probe with an insightful question.

Module 6 discussion

After thoroughly reading the chapters for this week, please consider the following. Note that there are two distinct parts to this discussion question.

Adolescents tend to engage in riskier behaviors than individuals at other stages of development.

1. From your text discussion (make sure to draw in text material) provide an overview of the cognitive/emotional/physical reasons why adolescents engage in riskier behavior. Make sure to clearly address all three domains.

2. Then, select a health-related issue from Chapter 11 and propose a way to prevent with the issue in adolescents by addressing the underlying problems. In this part, also make sure to expressly draw in text material and cite correctly. Be sure to include enough detail for your classmates to evaluate your proposal.

When you respond to your classmates, be sure to critique their responses as well as make suggestions to improve the suggested preventions

Module 7 discussion

After reading the chapters for this week, review the following questions. CHOOSE ONE but make sure to answer it completely. Make sure also to INTEGRATE TEXT CONCEPTS and cite correctly.

Review the concept of “midlife crisis” as discussed in the text and weigh in with your assessment. Is the crisis inevitable? Why or why not? Make sure you support your answer with solid research and logic, based on your reading of Berk.

What determines if Middle Adulthood is seen as the best part of life or as the beginning of decline? List a number of factors based on your reading.

Review the elements of cognitive decline in middle adulthood. How can a person best adjust to these changes? Draw from Berk in your answer.

Review how early habits affect development in Middle Adulthood. What does Berk say that would apply here?

Why might a job loss in middle adulthood be perceived as a more serious threat to a person’s self-concept than the loss of a job in early adulthood? What support can you draw from your reading of Berk?

Analyze an adult you know who is in Middle Adulthood (yourself, a spouse, a parent, a grandparent) based on the Big Five theory of personality. Have you seen consistency on these characteristics through the years?

Module 8 discussion

After having read your text material, discuss what you see as the most troubling issues to be addressed when considering dying and death (DNR orders, living wills, euthanasia, palliative care, hospice, quality of life) and how you would help someone address these issues either personally or in caring for a family member.

Make sure you inform your responses from your readings; draw in text material and cite correctly per APA.

Make this thoughtful and reasonably complete

EXAM 1

Question 1

Home delivery

is usually attended by a doctor.

is not appropriate if the mother is at risk for any kind of complication.

gives the mother less control over her own care than in a hospital.

provides a safer birthing environment than a hospital.

Question 2

In a __________ design, groups of people differing in age are studied at the same point in time.

microgenetic

cross-sectional

sequential

longitudinal

Question 3

The term teratogen refers to

a fluid within the placenta that helps feed the fetus.

any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period.

the blood that is passed from mother to child through the umbilical cord.

a perfect test score given to a newborn upon delivery.

Question 4

Theorists who emphasize plasticity believe that

children develop so that they can exhibit characteristically different behaviors arranged around specific age groups.

change is possible and likely if new experiences support it.

individuals high and low in a characteristic will remain so in later ages.

children experience similar circumstances that result in wide individual differences.

Question 5

In vitro procedures

have never been used by a couple who could have become pregnant naturally.

are most often used to permit women without a male partner become pregnant

cannot help postmenopausal women become pregnant

can ensure that couples with X-linked diseases have a daughter.

Question 6

Vygotsky’s theory emphasizes that individual differences in complex mental activities are mainly due to cultural differences in

infant physical care practices.

nutrition.

social experience.

genetic makeup.

Question 7

When baby Zoey becomes upset when her mother leaves a room, she is displaying

effortful control.

emotional self-regulation.

social referencing.

separation anxiety.

Question 8

Continuous development regards the environment as the most important influence.

True

False

Question 9

The notion that an effective match between child-rearing practices and a child’s temperament will lead to favorable outcomes is known as

goodness-of-fit.

an internal working model.

sensitive caregiving.

secure base.

Question 10

A sequential design can identify cohort effects by comparing groups of people of

the same age who were born in the same year.

differing ages who were born in different years.

differing ages who were born in the same year.

the same age who were born in different years.

Question 11

Emotions that can be directly inferred from facial expressions are referred to as

self-conscious emotions.

basic emotions.

social emotions.

referential emotions.

Question 12

In Piaget’s theory, what are two types of adaptation that result in changes to schemas?

Organization and conservation

Assimilation and conservation

Accommodation and assimilation

Accommodation and conservation

Question 13

In which period are serious prenatal effects most likely to occur due to the effects of teratogens?

The period of the zygote

The same level of risk is present during each of the prenatal stages.

The fetal period

The embryonic period

Question 14

Higher-SES parents emphasize the importance of __________________ for their children, whereas lower-SES parents emphasize ______________________.

external characteristics; psychological traits

intellectual abilities; psychological traits

external characteristics; intellectual abilities

psychological traits; external characteristics

Question 15

Discontinuous development views development as a progression through a series of qualitatively distinct stages.

True

False

Question 16

Plasticity regards human change as possible if new experiences support change.

True

False

Question 17

An infant born two months early but weighing an appropriate amount for the time spent in the uterus is called

postterm.

small-for-date.

preterm.

breech.

Question 18

Which of the following is an ethical concern regarding in vitro fertilization?

The privacy of donors may be compromised as their identity is public record.

In vitro procedures cannot be used to overcome most male fertility problems

Over 90 percent of in vitro procedures result in multiple births.

Among in vitro babies, the risk of major birth defects doubles.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of research rights involving informed consent?

The right to inform consent applies to all research participants except young children and elderly people with mental impairments.

For children 7 years and older, their own informed consent should be obtained in addition to parental consent.

Unless the research obviously risks harm to the participant, researchers are not required to obtain informed consent.

In most cases, researchers need only obtain the child’s assent; parental consent is not required.

Question 20

The innate system that contains a set of rules common to all languages is called the

Home Observation

Language Acquisition Device (LAD).

Chomsky device

Early Head Start.

Question 21

Nature Views heredity as the most important influence on development.

True

False

Question 22

Marcus was physically abused by his parents during his early years. Now he is in elementary school and living with a foster family; his school counselor believes that the negative events of his first few years can be overcome by his now positive life circumstances. The counselor emphasizes the role of _____________________ in development.

nature

stability

nurture

stages

Question 23

Amanda believes that when her 1-year-old son says, “hi” and “bye-bye,” his understanding of these greetings is the same as her understanding. Amanda would likely characterize her son’s development as

determined by nurture.

continuous.

determined by nature.

discontinuous.

Question 24

The stress of adapting to parenthood

can be managed when parents support each other.

is generally more difficult for men than it is for women.

goes on for at least the first three or four years.

is not as great as most people believe it to be.

Question 25

A neutral stimulus that leads to a new response after learning has occurred is a(n)

conditioned response (CR).

unconditioned stimulus (UCS).

unconditioned response (UR).

conditioned stimulus (CS).

Question 26

Infant’s expression of fear toward unfamiliar adults during the second half of the first year is called

separation anxiety.

the strange situation.

avoidant attachment.

stranger anxiety.

Question 27

Baby Hector accidentally pushes over a tower of blocks. Each time his sister rebuilds the tower, Hector tries to push it over again. In Piaget’s theory, this is an example of a __________ circular reaction.

tertiary

secondary

primary

reflexive

Question 28

Socioeconomic status consists of

years of education, neighborhood lived in, and cost of house.

size of bank savings account, stock portfolio, and income.

years at current job, prestige and skills required of job, and job title.

years of education, prestige and skills required of job, and income.

Question 29

The left hemisphere of the brain is largely responsible for

verbal abilities.

attention and complex thought.

spatial abilities.

regulation of negative emotions.

Question 30

In an individualistic society,

people think of themselves as separate entities and are concerned with their own needs.

people define themselves as part of a groups and stress group goals.

a small group of people hold different beliefs than those of the larger culture.

three or more generations usually live together.

Question 31

Research shows that by age three, children in Early Head Start

evidenced gains in IQ only among middle-SES children.

had warmer, more stimulating parenting.

showed an increase in aggression.

lost gains in IQ that they had acquired while enrolled in the program as infants and toddlers.

Question 32

Piaget’s sensorimotor stage spans

ages 6 through 8.

ages 2 and 3.

the first 2 years of life.

ages 3 and 4.

Question 33

Gabriela is inactive, shows mild, low-key reactions to environmental stimuli, is negative in mood, and adjusts slowly to new experiences. Gabriela would be classified as

easy.

uninhibited.

slow to warm up.

difficult.

Question 34

A sensitive period is a time in which an individual is

lacking judgment due to a destructive event.

nonresponsive to environmental influences

especially responsive to environmental influences.

unable to determine which influences are environmental

Question 35

Resistant infants tend to have mothers who are

depressed.

unresponsive.

overstimulating.

highly intelligent.

Subsection

Question 36

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of two different delivery methods. What factors are related to choice of delivery method?

Question 37

Describe the concept of a sensitive period in human development and how this concept was developed.

Question 38

Describe the physical, cognitive, and social characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).

EXAM 2

Question 1

The most common psychological problem of adolescence is

depression.

anorexia.

delinquency.

schizophrenia.

Question 2

Parents of obese children tend to

give their children several snacks a day.

reward their children’s good behavior with food.

breastfeed their children into toddlerhood.

feed on demand during infancy.

Question 3

Which parents will probably have teenagers with superior school performance?

the Berrys, who have an authoritative parenting style.

the Kidmans, who have a permissive parenting style.

the Roberts, who have an authoritarian parenting style.

the Bates, who have an inconsistent parenting style.

Question 4

When Darren’s classmates were asked to rate each others’ likeability, he received almost no votes, either positive or negative. He would be classified as

neglected.

controversial.

popular.

average.

Question 5

Natasha’s parents have an authoritative child-rearing style, Natasha is likely to

be very anxious and insecure.

be extremely popular with peers.

act overly dependent on others.

feel especially good about herself.

Question 6

Chin-Li’s teacher uses a constructivist classroom. Which of the following would you be most likely to see there?

Children wandering around unable to choose activities.

Students sitting in rows facing the front of the classroom.

A teacher at the front of the class lecturing to the entire class.

Small groups of students engaged in different tasks.

Question 7

Elementary and middle-school students exposed to reciprocal teaching

exhibit a drop in general intelligence relative to their peers in traditional classrooms.

show delayed critical thinking skills.

hinder teachers’ ability to create a zone of proximal development within their classrooms.

show impressive gains in reading comprehension.

Question 8

In North America, the typical two- to six year-old watches television

for less than one hour a day.

for 3 ½ hours a day.

from 1 ½ to 2 hours a day.

for more than 4 hours a day.

Question 9

Preschoolers rarely use memory strategies because

of slow information-processing.

strategy use requires sophisticated cognitive inhibition.

of limitations in long-term memory capacity.

strategies tax young children’s limited working memories.

Question 10

According to Piaget, the most obvious change during the preoperational stage is the increase in

problem solving skills.

logical thought.

representational ability.

language ability.

Question 11

Preschoolers same-sex groups

increase children’s tolerance for gender-inappropriate activities.

strengthen gender-stereotyped beliefs and behaviors.

serve to reduce the gender stereotypes coming from parents.

increase children’s opportunities for cross-gender play.

Question 12

According to Vygotsky, private speech during the preschool years

reflects young children’s egocentrism.

helps young children guide their behaviors during challenging tasks.

does not play a major role in young children’s cognitive development.

is due to the nonsocial nature of young children.

Question 13

In middle childhood, the average U.S. child watches TV an average of ________ hours a day.

3½

5½

2

1

Question 14

Twelve-year-old Dorothy has just started her first menstrual cycle. She is experiencing

spermarche.

menarche.

this maturational process much later than the average North American female.

menopause.

Question 15

Lauren says to her playmates, “Don’t let Renee play with your dolls. She’ll steal them.” This is an example of _____________ aggression.

antagonistic

relational

overt

instrumental

Question 16

Beginning in middle childhood, a common fear is

thunder and lightning.

ghosts and goblins.

being robbed or hurt.

the dark.

Question 17

According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of middle childhood is

autonomy versus shame and doubt.

industry versus inferiority.

identity versus confusion.

generativity versus stagnation.

Question 18

Studies suggest that the U.S. No Child Left Behind Act

has improved the quality of the public educational system.

has served to decrease achievement gaps between black and white students.

is consistent with the emphasis on teaching for deeper understanding.

has had a negative impact on the self-esteem, motivation, and graduation rates of many minority youths living in poverty.

Question 19

A decline in appetite during the preschool years

is normal because growth has slowed.

suggests a pituitary hormone disorder.

indicates a deficiency of thyroxine.

is an early sign of ORT.

Question 20

Sanga has started experiencing a flood of biological changes. At the end of these changes, she will have an adult-sized body and have reached sexual maturity. Sanga is

developing an identity.

beginning menarche.

starting puberty.

experiencing spermarche.

Question 21

Compared with the peer groups of middle childhood, adolescent peer groups are

less tightly structure and exclusive.

limited to peers of the same gender.

not as constructive in their activities.

increasingly common and more tightly organized.

Question 22

Four- to seven-year olds regard friendship

as dependent on physical proximity.

in terms of similar personality characteristics.

as based on mutual trust.

as pleasurable play and sharing toys.

Question 23

Dan and Leon are both college sophomores. Leon is functioning at a higher moral reasoning level than Dan. What conclusion can we draw based on that knowledge?

Leon is more likely to help, share, and defend victims of injustice.

Leon is just as likely to cheat on tests as Dan.

Dan is actually more honest than Leon.

Dan is more likely to display behavior that is in line with his beliefs.

Question 24

Research indicates that easy access to contraceptives for teenagers results in

an increase in childbirth rates.

higher rates of sexual activity.

higher abortion rates.

reduced pregnancy rates.

Question 25

Parents can help their adolescents achieve greater gains in moral understanding by

remaining silent when adolescents struggle with exercises in reasoning.

stating their own personal opinions frequently.

listening critically to adolescents’ ideas.

asking clarifying questions.

Question 26

Kiela’s best friend is angry because Kiela played with someone else during recess. Kiela talks to her friend and explains that, although she likes playing together, sometimes she wants to do something different. She asks her friend to understand her feelings and not be upset. Kiela is using

emotional understanding.

emotion-focused coping.

coregulation strategies.

problem-focused coping.

Question 27

During early childhood, gender-stereotyped beliefs

are applied as blanket rules that should not be violated.

are flexible until the age 5, after which they become more rigid.

emerge very slowly, as parents treat boys and girls in similar ways.

are highly flexible with respect to clothing and hairstyle but less so with respect to types of play.

Question 28

Compared to younger children, school-age children are more likely to explain emotions by making reference to

internal states.

observable characteristics.

personality traits.

specific behaviors.

Question 29

Vygotsky viewed _________________ as an ideal context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

book reading

outdoor play

make-believe play

video game play

Question 30

The best way to reduce the emotional trauma of sexual abuse on a child is to

move on quickly and not dwell much on what has happened.

prevent the abuse from continuing.

allow the child to see the abuser is severely punished.

expose the child to other children who have had similar experiences.

Question 31

According to psychoanalytic theory, _______________ leads to conscience formation and moral behavior.

the emergence of the reality principle

repression of sexual longings for the mother or father

identification with the opposite-sex parents

fear of punishment and loss of parental love

Question 32

The authoritative child-rearing style is linked to

low self-reliance and high rates of anger and defiance.

high self-esteem, moral maturity, and favorable school performance.

low persistence, antisocial behavior, and poor school performance.

poor emotional self-regulation and attachment security.

Question 33

A secular trend in the timing of puberty is the tendency for

puberty to begin with breast enlargement.

girls to mature earlier than their mothers.

boys to mature later than girls do.

menarche to begin after the growth spurt.

Question 34

Which of the statements below is true of teenage mothers?

They are less likely to divorce if they do marry.

They have fewer complications during pregnancy due to age.

They have a 30% likelihood of dropping out of school.

They are rarely on welfare.

Question 35

Sally and Susie are using dolls to act out a make-believe story in which Sally is the mother and Susie is the daughter. What type of play are these preschoolers engaging in?

associative play

nonsocial activity

parallel play

cooperative play

Subsection

Question 36 Describe the functions that cliques and crowds serve during adolescence, and explain the factors that cause the importance of crowds and cliques to decline over time.

Question 37 Describe three teaching methods that foster achievement.

Question 38 Discuss the impact of religious beliefs on moral values and behavior.

Module 1 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignments:

Respond to the APPLY question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 16 in Chapter 1.

Respond to the REFLECT question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 41 of Chapter 2.

Submit your assignment in a Word document via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.

Module 2 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignment:

Teratogens may pose serious complications during pregnancy and after the birth of the child. Using Chapter 2, choose one teratogen (e.g., smoking, alcohol, etc.) and create a poster in PowerPoint or Word that discourages expectant mothers from engaging in that particular behavior.

Posters should contain creativity as well as accurate information. You are encouraged to use both pictures and text. Use the “Help” features in PowerPoint or Word if you need assistance with inserting either of these.

Create your poster using PowerPoint or Word. Submit your assignment via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.

Module 3 Assignment

Child Observation Assignment

Purpose of Project

It is very easy to be around children without noticing fascinating aspects of their behavior. Indeed, it is

rare when anyone intently observes a child for a continuous period, looking for behaviors that

characterize an individual child or childhood. Conscientious fulfillment of this project will help the

observer be a better and more appreciative student of child behavior. If you have children, you may

observe your own children.

General Instructions

You will observe children in a natural setting for 1 hour. This means that you may not be able to focus on

one child exclusively. For example, you might observe children at a park, school, shopping center,

amusement park, etc.

While you are observing make detailed notes of the following:

1. Age range of children

2. Number of children present. Number of adults present?

3. What behaviors are children engaging in?

4. How do the children interact with one another?

5. How do the children interact with an adult who is present?

6. Are the children engaging in age?appropriate activities?

7. Comment on the attention span of the children.

8. Are there any gender differences in any of the behaviors you observe?

9. Does anything that we have covered in class or in the text apply to this situation?

Report Criteria

1. Write up of project, 2?4 written pages (typed)

2. Give a general description of child (age, sex, etc.) and the observation situation

3. Describe behavior or patterns of behaviors that were interesting to you and analyze the

significance to child development

4. Do not just put a chronological list of what child did during observation period, but do show

evidence that you make careful observation.

5. Discuss significance of behaviors for the child and child development in general (use your text

and notes.

Module 4 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignment:

Respond to the APPLY question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 181 in Chapter 7

Respond to the APPLY question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 222 in Chapter 8

Respond to the REFLECT question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 222 in Chapter 8

Submit your assignment in a Word document via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.

Module 5 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignment:

Respond to the REVIEW question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 256 in Chapter 9. Make sure your response is thorough

Respond to the APPLY question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 264 in Chapter 10

Respond to the APPLY question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 272 in Chapter 10

Submit your assignment in a Word document via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.

Module 6 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignment:

Respond to the REFLECT question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 309 in Chapter 11

Respond to the REVIEW question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 321 in Chapter 12

Submit your assignment in a Word document via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.

Module 7 Assignment

For this module you are to complete the following assignment:

Respond to the REVIEW question under the “Ask Yourself” section on p. 365 in Chapter 13. Be sure to consider characteristics of the students as well as characteristics of the college.

Respond to the REFLECT question under the “Ask yourself” section on p. 393 in Chapter 14.

What are the most notable changes in development experienced in early adulthood as compared to middle adulthood?

Submit your assignment in a Word document via the Assignment box no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT

Module 8 Assignment

Interview with an Older Adult

This exercise has been adapted from the lesson “Participation in Government: Interview of an Older

Adult” from Lesson Plans on Aging Issues: Creative Ways to Meet Social Studies Standards produced by

the Ithaca College Gerontology Institute.

General Instructions

Using the questions below, you will conduct an interview with a person at least 60 years of age. Feel free

to add questions of your own whenever one occurs to you. Be sure to review the Historical Context

section on the following pages before beginning the interview. The complete project will include your

questions and the interviewee’s answers (i.e., transcript of the interview) as well as the three Reaction

paragraphs described below.

Report Criteria

1. Typed and double-spaced.

2. Include the interview questions in your report in a format that enables the reader to know what the

person you are interviewing is referring to.

3. Discuss your personal reaction to the interview in three paragraphs at the end of your report (see

final section below).

Interview Questions

1. Please tell me about your childhood, family and school life.

2. Do you consider yourself old? At what ages (or stages) did you notice that you were getting

older?

3. What is the most important historical event or period of time that you have lived through?

4. How did it influence you personally?

5. What is the biggest change you have seen in how people conduct their everyday lives?

6. What have been the best years of your life so far? What are your plans for the future?

7. How are young people today different from when you were their age?

8. What advice would you give young people to help them prepare for their old age?

9. Have you ever experienced any negative attitudes or discrimination because of your age? Please

explain.

10. Student question. Based on what you’ve learned, ask at least one more question; what else

would you like to know about this person’s life?

Reaction

In three paragraphs, discuss your reaction to the interview:

1. What did you learn? Did anything surprise you?

2. How did you feel during the interview?

3. What changes (if any) have occurred in your perception of older adults? (What did you think

before? What do you think now?)

Submission

Submit the final interview report to the Dropbox and Turnitin.com no later than Sunday 11:59 PM

EST/EDT.

Historical Context

Before beginning the interview, you should familiarize yourself with national events, trends, and U.S.

presidents from the 20th century to the present day that are outlined on the following pages.

Important Events:

1900-1920

Development of big business

Development of transportation

Panama Canal

Airplane invented

One room schools

First automobiles

World War I in Europe

U.S. entry into World War I

Flu epidemic

Armistice Day

1920-1930

Women vote

Prohibition

Flappers

Progressive era

Stock Market crash

1930-1940

Great Depression

New Deal

Radio popular

1940-1950

Pearl Harbor

Draft and World War II

Atomic bomb

V-E Day and V-J Day

Cold war and anti-communism

1950-1960

Sputnik

Fear of nuclear war

TV becomes common appliance

Elvis Presley popular

1960-1970

Vietnam

Civil rights

Great Society programs

John F. Kennedy assassinated

Martin Luther King assassinated

Neil Armstrong, first man on moon (Apollo missions)

Beatles popular

1970-1980

Arab oil embargo

Inflation

Gas Shortage

Drug use more widespread

Computers become more common

Watergate

Richard M. Nixon resigns as president

1980-1990

John Lennon shot and killed

Bell telephone system divided into smaller companies

Sally Ride, first female astronaut

Space shuttle Challenger explodes

AIDS virus

Ruptured Exxon tanker spills oil

Texas elects first woman Governor since Reconstruction

1990-2000

Nelson Mandela, apartheid ends in South Africa

Persian Gulf crisis

East and West Germany reunited-Berlin Wall taken down

Soviet Union dissolved

First wave of “baby boomers” turns 50

2001-2003

Collapse of the World Trade Center in New York City

War with Iraq

2004-2006

Hurricane Katrina

2007-2010

Barack Obama, first African-American elected as President

Breakout of H1N1

Earthquake in Haiti

U.S. Presidents from 1897-present

1897-1901 William McKinley

1901-1909 Theodore Roosevelt

1909-1913 William H. Taft

1913-1921 Woodrow Wilson

1921-1923 Warren Harding

1923-1929 Calvin Coolidge

1929-1933 Herbert Hoover

1933-1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt

1945-1953 Harry Truman

1953-1961 Dwight D. Eisenhower

1961-1963 John F. Kennedy

1963-1969 Lyndon B. Johnson

1969-1974 Richard M. Nixon

1974-1977 Gerald Ford

1977-1981 Jimmy Carter

1981-1989 Ronald Reagan

1989-1992 George Bush

1992-1900 Bill Clinton

2001-1908 George W. Bush

2009- Barack Obama

PSY 325 – Virtual Pregnancy: The Project that Delivers

This project was originally developed by Shalynn Ford in 1999 and has been adapted for the purposes of

this course. A full description of the project can be found in the reference below:

Benjamin, L.T., Nodine, B.F, Ernst, R.M, & Broeker, C.B. (Eds.). (2002). Activities handbook for

the teaching of psychology (Vol. 4). Washington, DC: American Psychological Foundation.

Concept

The purpose of this activity is to provide students the unique opportunity of experiencing a hypothetical

pregnancy and its attendant costs (primarily financial but including emotional, psychological, and lifestyle

costs as well). The idea behind this exercise is to give students practical experience, information, and

insight into the daunting task of seeing a pregnancy through from conception to delivery. This activity will

last the entire semester.

Instructions

Each student will select a hypothetical pregnancy vignette from the list of five below. You are to calculate

the costs of hospital charges, layette items, maternity clothing, and other miscellaneous items that you

think you will need for your pregnancy and delivery. After you make a list of these items, begin making the

necessary contacts via telephone calls, emails, or community visits to the pregnancy-related agencies.

You should keep a log (organized in a narrative fashion) of each contact person by name, title, agency,

and telephone number or email address. In addition, you will need to record the exact dollar amount or

cost range of items and services. For the purpose of this exercise, you are to assume that no friends or

family members will “bail you out” and that neither adoption nor abortion is an option. In addition, keep a

journal by recording thoughts and feelings as your virtual pregnancy progresses. For example, you might

write about how being pregnant has changed your lifestyle or your relationship with others. Please

contact the instructor if you have any questions.

Deliverables and due dates

1. Vignette selection: Submit by email to the instructor no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT of

Module 2.

2. Project materials: Submit to the Dropbox no later than Sunday 11:59 PM EST/EDT of Module 7.

a) Log detailing prices of items needed and contact information.

b) Journal detailing thoughts and feelings you have about the pregnancy including answers to

“thoughts to keep in mind.”

Grading

The project will be graded in two parts for a total of 100 points—50 points for the log detailing the contact

and pricing information, and 50 points for the journal portion. Past students have included a baby registry

from a department store detailing items needed for the baby. In the journal, participants should take on

the role of the vignette and include short entries regarding important stages of the pregnancy (first

doctor’s visit, first sonogram, etc).

Vignettes

1. Forget me not

You are 15 years old and forgetful, especially when it comes to contraception. Unfortunately, your

forgetfulness, combined with a healthy dose of hormones, has led to an unplanned, unexpected, and

unwanted pregnancy. However, you were raised to take responsibility for your actions, so you will do

your best to see this pregnancy through to the end. What will you do now?

Thoughts to keep in mind:

? You are a minor (find out the legalities involved).

? Your education may be interrupted. Is continuing or going back to school a consideration?

? You may be eligible for special help, given your age.

? Unless this was a divine act, there is a father involved. What’s his story? What are his legal

rights and responsibilities?

2. I’ll be missing you

You are 27 years old, single, and employed full time (without health insurance coverage). Your

annual salary is $18,000. Your long-time boyfriend has made it perfectly clear he does not like kids.

You do, which is good because as luck (and lack of planning) would have it you will be getting the

opportunity to satisfy your maternal urge in about eight and a half months. What is your course of

action?

Thoughts to keep in mind:

? You are employed, but without insurance.

? You are too old to be eligible for much in social services.

? The father says he will not help.

3. Oh, what a tangled web we weave

You are 36, the mother of two school-age children, and stuck in a dead-end marriage. You’ve

considered leaving and recently did for three months. During your sabbatical from marriage

monotony, you met a wonderful man, also unhappily married. One thing led to another, and suddenly

you find out there will be a seven-pound addition to your problem marriage. You are in love with

someone else, have no marketable skills, seem unwilling to make it without a man, and are afraid of

losing the two children you already have. You’ve got a lot on your mind. One thing is not an issue—

you will have this baby. Now what?

Thoughts to keep in mind:

? Your age will probably make certain expensive prenatal tests mandatory.

? Several thorny legal issues need to be resolved.

? You need to establish your priorities.

4. Just when you thought it was safe

You are 44 and free. Your children are safely in college. Your husband is at the top of the corporate

heap. Life is good. Your consulting work provides you with a real sense of accomplishment. You

never regretted that tubal litigation you had 18 years ago. In fact, you never gave it a second thought.

Recently, at your annual checkup, you received the shock of your life—the clips slipped and you have

involuntarily been drafted back into the baby stroller brigade. How will you handle this?

Thoughts to keep in mind:

? Your age may have an impact on your pregnancy.

? You and your family will face lifestyle changes.

? The pregnancy may cause you to have special health concerns.

5. Just say no

You are a college-student (any age) who is the first and only member of your family to have the

opportunity to attend a prestigious university on scholarship. The heat is on. Pressure from parents,

peers, and professors keep life simmering on miserable. Then you meet him. He is every wonderful

thing you have ever dreamed of. He has the potential to make you happy. He is forever. And all he

asks of you is to “prove” your love. You do. Then unexpectedly you are forced to learn a painful

lesson about mistaking kisses for contracts. He is gone. But he’s left a part of himself behind with

you. You are confused, hurt, angry, and to top it all off you’re also two months pregnant.

Thoughts to keep in mind:

? The age you select will somewhat frame your options.

? The father may or may not be legally accountable for financial assistance with this

pregnancy.

? Your goals as a college student and the level of investment your family has in your success

may need to be reassessed.

Timeline for completing the project

You should begin right away! Do not procrastinate! This project will move rapidly since you will be

experiencing pregnancy and birth of the baby. Keep in mind that you need to keep a log of expenses and

contacts as well as write a journal. Ideas for the journal are found below.

Module/week 2

Choose a vignette and submit your choice to the instructor by email. It is a good idea to start writing in

your journal and making contacts this week.

Hints for journal: You just found out you are pregnant. How do you feel about the pregnancy? What are

your plans? Who will be your doctor? What do you do at the first appointment? What symptoms are you

experiencing? Weeks 2-3 represents the first trimester.

Module/week 3

Hints for journal: The first trimester is continuing. Think about resources that you might need, such as

insurance or WIC. What questions do you have at this point of the pregnancy? Where do you find

answers? When will you tell people about the pregnancy?

Module/week 4

You are now in the second trimester.

Hints for journal: During week 4, you can begin learning about the second trimester and incorporate this

into your journal. The second trimester will last from week 4 to week 5 of class. What changes can you

expect this trimester? What are doctor’s appointments like? How much is the pregnancy costing you so

far? What contacts have you made? Have you registered for any baby items?

Module/week 5

Second trimester continues.

Hints for journal: How is the baby developing? Are there any necessary tests that must be performed

during this trimester?

Module/week 6

You are now in the third trimester.

Hints for journal: What changes have you experienced? Are you exercising? How do you feel? What type

of birth experience do you want? Have you had a baby shower? What are your fears?

Module/week 7

The end of the third trimester! The baby is born! You will submit the completed project to the instructor.