QuestionInsufficient blood flow in the coronary arteries to the heart is common in all of these conditions except:

Insufficient blood flow in the coronary arteries to the heart is common in all of these conditions except:

Select one:

a. arteriosclerosis.

b. atherosclerosis.

c. angina pectoris.

d. arrhythmias.

 

Question 2

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Identify an accurate statement about the nerve supply of the heart.

Select one:

a. The heart receives its nerve supply from only one division of the autonomic nervous system, the sympathetic division.

b. The autonomic nervous system regulates the rate and force of the contractions of the heart.

c. The norepinephrine released by the sympathetic nerves in the heart act on the sinoatrial (SA) node to decrease heart rate.

d. The sympathetic nerves that innervate the heart become active when the body needs to rest and conserve energy.

Question 3

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During the “fight or flight” reaction, sympathetic nerves become active and release _____.

Select one:

a. serotonin

b. gamma-aminobutyric acid

c. norepinephrine

d. acetylcholine

 

Question 4

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Which of the following statements is true of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Select one:

a. The effect of using ARBs is similar to the effect of using the ACE inhibitors except that ARBs do not increase bradykinin.

b. The effect of using ARBs is similar to the effect of using the ACE inhibitors except that ARBs do not decrease pre- and afterload.

c. The effect of using ARBs is similar to the effect of using the ACE inhibitors except that ARBs do not increase cardiac output.

d. The effect of using ARBs is similar to the effect of using the ACE inhibitors except that ARBs only decrease preload and not afterload.

 

Question 5

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Which of the following loop diuretics has the shortest duration of action?

Select one:

a. Torsemide (Demadex)

b. Furosemide (Lasix)

c. Bumetanide (Bumex)

d. Eplerenone (Inspra)

 

Question 6

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How do thiazides and loop diuretics differ in their mechanisms of action?

Select one:

a. They have different outcomes in the context of sodium retention.

b. They act at different sites in the kidney.

c. Thiazides are more potent than loop diuretics.

d. Thiazides cause hypokalemia, while loop diuretics cause hyperkalemia.

 

Question 7

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Which of the following is true of Class 2 antiarrhythmic drugs?

Select one:

a. They tend to shorten the cardiac refractory period.

b. They increase the excitability, conduction, and automaticity of ventricular muscle.

c. They decrease heart rate, atrioventricular (AV) conduction, and automaticity of the sinoatrial (SA) and AV nodes.

d. They are mainly indicated for arrhythmias that originate below the AV node.

 

Question 8

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