06 May DOES GIVING TO THE HOMELESS ON THE SUBWAY REALLY PROMOTE THEIR WELL-BEING?
Offer some reasons in support of your diagnosis, for example: (1) if you think that the dispute is merely apparent, explain why opponents might be unaware that
the propositions they express are merely subjective; (2) If you think that it’s a substantive disagreement about how an absolute moral truth applies in a particular
situation, identify the underlying moral truth whose proper application opponents disagree about; (3) if you think that it’s a substantive disagreement about
whether a principle is, in fact, an absolute ethical truth, explain why one side accepts that principle while the other side rejects it.
– Be sure to provide a brief definition/explication of any technical terms, e.g. ‘absolute truth,’ ‘objective truth,’ ‘subjective truth,’ etc.
Part 3: Propose a way to help resolve the controversy
– Disagreements arise when people either (1) mistake a subjective claim or an objective one, (2) do not share a common perspective on what evidence is relevant to
the truth/falsity of an objective claim
– In case (1) disagreement, resolving the disagreement requires correcting the mistaken view that the claim is subjective. If you diagnosed the disagreement as
subjective, identify those considerations that lead you to believe that there’s no objective truth on the relevant claim and explain why those involved in the
disagreement might have made such an error
– In case (2), resolving the disagreement requires opponents to compare their assumptions about evidence. If you diagnosed the disagreement as substantive (that
is, as a disagreement about an objective or absolute truth), point out what questions about evidence might be raised as a means to resolving the disagreement. For
example, you and a friend might disagree over whether it is morally good to give money to homeless people on the subway. Supposing that the dispute is objective
and that you both agree that it is good to promote the well-being of others when it’s not a serious cost to your own well-being, the disagreement seems to concern
whether giving money to homeless people on the subway is a case where you are promoting well-being without serious cost to yourself. In an effort to resolve the
disagreement, some plausible questions to raise might be: (a) Does giving to the homeless on the subway really promote their well-being? How do we know how the
money is used? Is there a better way to promote their well-being than by giving money? (b) Does giving money involve a serious cost to one’s own well being? What
is the relationship between one’s level of wealth and one’s well being?
Further guidelines:
(1) Remember: for this essay, you are NOT being asked to state whether you think the claim in question is true or false, or in other words, whether the action in
question is right or wrong. Rather, the idea is for you to gain some practice in thinking about ethical disagreements and how to resolve them.
(2) Depending on what ethical claim you have chosen to discuss, the disagreement may involve many complicated considerations. Do your best to focus on a single
question/issue that could help work towards resolution. More may need to be done, but the investigating the question you raise in part 3 should at least provide a
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