02 Sep final draft
The thesis achieves a different degree of how human history, their psychological perception, and society play a role in influencing their personal identity/ personality. In accomplishing the study and rendering it credible several viewpoints by renowned scholars such as Locke and Olson among others have been examined in detail (Nimbalkar, 2014). All these scholars, however, point out to a common problem of defining personality identity which means it has achieved a disjointed viewpoint from both current and previous scholars. Despite criticism of the personal identity theories help by these scholars, they unanimously discuss three primary elements, i.e., history, society, and psychosomatic factors to be having a varying degree of influence on human personality type/ trait (Olson, 2016; Stangor, Jhangiani & Tarry, 2014).
Introduction
Several proponents in the field of psychology have for a long time sort to understanding what influences tend to have permanent repercussions to one’s later personal identity. As such, they have proposed several theories in an effort to convince their viewpoint on personal identity. These personal identity theories in varied ways tend to explain who we are during and in the afterlife (Manstead, 2018). Nonetheless, an effort to achieve a common concept regarding personal identity is still a diachronic issue for many philosophers as there are still synchronic misunderstandings on what human traits and features should be combined in achieving a definitive viewpoint on human personality. Therefore, this study will examine how the three major influences, i.e., society, human history, and psychological conviction influence an individual personal identity.
Human History
Personal identity may imply several things and could be defined differently in several contexts, i.e., based on self-knowledge, will, self-deception, and even rationality. However, in a simple definition by Olson (2016), personal identity is the self-image, i.e., belief about self and how it is different from others. The history of personality psychology begun way back in 4th Century BCE with some of the ancient text such as Bhagavad-Vita, Vedas and many others achieved several viewpoints regarding human history as influencing personality type. These earlier studies acknowledged of divine and demonic attributes as influencing personality (Nimbalkar, 2014). Scholars such as Astrology, an ancient Sastra and Michael Gauquelin sort to define how the heavenly bodies (planets) at a certain position and time/ date of birth influenced people’s personal identity and their directed/ later life and profession (Stangor et al., 2014). Their studies influenced the belief about 12 horoscopes signs whose main dynamics/ elements are that of fire, earth, air, and water to interpret the energy acting on individuals to shape their unique personal identity. Other ancient studies such as Vedic mythology also ascribed meaning of how the heavenly bodies (the moon, the sun, and the mercury) influenced people’s health, state of mind, success in life, their spirit, intellect, subjective reality, and consciousness (Nimbalkar, 2014; Olson, 2016).
The Human Society
Human beings are relational species that co-exist with others in a given ecology (Manstead, 2018). Therefore, the need for co-existence in a particular social surrounding one stays usually present the dynamics in which personality is embedded. Human society usually finds a way to organize people living together in a particular setting into social classes/ groupings with its own characteristics. These individuals usually interact in society at several levels, e.g., trade, intermarry, and sports defining their particular/ associated social behaviors (Stangor et al., 2014). Since human societies vary both in place, era, and culture personal identity may be influenced by several sources. According to Manstead (2018), aspects of the human society such as culture, social changes, and social trade-offs, as well as the political and economic structure influence personality type. Other factors influencing personal identity include workplace and group behavior, group conflict and resolution mechanisms, along with national and diplomatic social structure. For example, from a cultural perspective, several studies acknowledge that the social environment people live in affects the brain function and how it is wired up as one grows (Nimbalkar, 2014). Rendering from Olson (2016), he achieves that deep enculturation usually results in complex cognitive hierarchies that institute new forms of thinking within the brain. An example is the Israeli and Palestine culture and even the pop culture and subculture existing in the US that majorly influences people dressing style, dialect, sexuality, and attitude. Group behavior in society will also influence the level of peer interaction in a social setting and advocate for social changes and incur social-trade-offs that will better the society, e.g., technology improvement. Technology is one aspect of the society that continues to bridge the gap among peers and people of different social settings to encourage a sense of a ‘global community’ that is encouraging to diplomatic relations and social learning (Nimbalkar, 2014).
The Psychological Viewpoint
A personal identity from a psychological viewpoint seeks to reinforce the idea of the cognitive self, i.e., the idea about who a person really is and their purpose in life. The psychological perspective in addressing the construct-self will take into consideration a person’s cognitive development and self-esteem (Stangor et al., 2014). Psychologically, it will relay the idea of self-image, i.e., how individuals see, feel, and think about themselves to assign their self-worth. Persons thinking immensely participate in defining their personality type because the human mind in one way or another usually assigns different degrees of judgment to their action. Such psychological assignment would then determine their confidence status, their capability/ efficacy of action and willingness to achieve such action. According to John Locke, personal identity or the idea about self is a matter of psychological continuity and border on consciousness (Nimbalkar, 2014). Essentially, the psychological viewpoint will take into consideration the thoughts and feelings of self to underpin their adopted traits. Achieving conscious-self would border on several elements including spiritual convictions, physical and emotional outlooks, as well as the biological environment. As achieved by Carl Rodgers in his theory, psychological outlook on person identity/ personality type is also influenced by their ability to satisfy their most basic requirement in life (Olson, 2016).
Conclusion
Personal identity achieves the appropriate conditions of defining the self. However, people personality type is an assortment of several factors that are continuously changing and fading. Personality identity develops from childhood with others being permanent and others temporary depending on the historical, societal, psychological nature of humankind as they transit in various stages during their lifetime (Olson, 2016; Manstead, 2018; Nimbalkar, 2014).
References
Manstead, A. S. (2018). The psychology of social class: How socioeconomic status impacts thought, feelings, and behaviour. British Journal of Social Psychology, 57(2), 267-291.
Nimbalkar, N. (2014). John Locke on personal identity. Mens sana monographs, 9(1), 268.
Olson, E. T. (2016). Personal identity. Science Fiction and Philosophy-From Time Travel to Superintelligence, 69-90.
Stangor, C., Jhangiani, R., & Tarry, H. (2014). Principles of Social Psychology: 1st International Edition. Retrieved September, 16, 2015.
HERE IS THE FEEDBACK FROM THE INSTRUCTOR. I NEED YOU TO MAKE THE NECESSARY CHANGES TO THE PAPER.
COMMENTS
Feedback to Learner7/2/19 9:08 AM
ONE lens, not multiple. You cannot write this paper looking at how personal identity is built historically and psychologically. Just choose one.
You have to write this on your own first and then find research. You are just regurgitating your research here. How do you see personal identity being built historically or psychologically? Once you objectively define this and analyze it, you then find research.
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