01 May QuestionSecond Edition
Question
Second Edition
ISBN-13: 9780763764739
HCA 503
Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Care Professionals
Text: Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals
Authors:
George D. Pozgar
Publisher:
JB Learning
–.—————-
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. is an individual’s view of what is right and wrong.
Ethical theory
Consequential ethics
Macro-ethics
Moral values
Micro-ethics
2. The application of normative theories to practical moral problems is referred to as
distributive justice
applied ethics
secular ethics
normative ethics
nonmaleficience
3. ethics are based on codes (e.g., Code of Hammurabi) developed by societies which have relied on customs to formulate their codes.
Compassion
Religious
Secular
Deontological
Morality
4. One who is has control over his/her own actions.
hopeful
ethical
autonomous
virtuous
compassionate
5. said, “Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body .. ”
William the Philosopher
Justice Brenner
Moses
Hammurabi
Justice Carodozo
This is a form of beneficence that may involve, for example, withholding information from a person because of the belief that it is in the best interest of that person.
Paternalism
Justice
Autonomy
Deontology
Normative
7. This term describes the obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits.
a.Beneficence
Autonomy
Justice
Nonmaleficence
Responsibility
8. All segments of the population do not have equal to health care.
justice
commitment
access
integrity
value
9. This term is a usually a form of moral excellence or beneficial quality.
Virtue
Value
Moral
Ethical theory
Ethical principal
10. A moral is something that has worth.
value
moral
virtue
reality
justice
A person is one who has moral integrity and has a strict regard for doing
what is considered the right thing to do.
virtuous
conscientious
committed
compassionate
ethical
A person who is said to have a steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code is considered to have _
moral values
discernment
compassion
integrity
humility
One’s moral character can sometimes change as circumstances change, thus the term _____ ethics.
discerning
integrity
compassionate
normative
situational
If the ethical responsibilities of caregivers involve respecting a patient’s right to make his or her own decision, the ethical principle of is being practiced.
integrity
normative ethics
justice
d.beneficence
e. autonomy
If caregivers fairly allocate their resources equally to all patients, the ethical principle of is being practiced.
a. compassion
b.beneficence
justice
veracity
integrity
16. The theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of one’s culture is
ethical relativism
situational ethics
religious ethics
normative ethics
cultural reality
Gen. Nguyen Ngoc Loan, chief of South Viet Nam’s national police, walked up and shot a prisoner in the head. His reason: the prisoner, a Viet Cong lieutenant, had just murdered a South Vietnamese colonel, his wife and their six children. Assuming this is out of one’s moral character, what ethical theory might apply?
a.Beneficence
Normative ethics
Religious ethics
Situational ethics
Autonomy
18. What Christian religious group believes it is a sin to accept a blood transfusion?
a. Taoist
b.Jew
Jehovah’s Witness
Methodist
e.lslam
19. In the U.S. Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade, _
a woman’s right to privacy was denied
recognition of the state in protecting the unborn was denied
there was no attempt to spell out the extent to which states may regulate abortions
gave strength to a woman’s right to privacy
all of the above
20. In the second trimester of a pregnancy, the state _
a. has the right to regulate abortion procedures in ways reasonably related to maternal health
is not involved in the abortion decision between a woman and her physician
has a right to prohibit all abortions
has the right to decide a woman’s right to abortion on a case by case basis
none of the above
The Doe v. Zimmerman case declared unconstitutional provisions of the Pennsylvania Abortion Control Act requiring written consent of the _
parent
spouse
state
U.S. Supreme Court
none of the above
Ethical considerations must address when conducting research on human subjects.
personal autonomy
self-determination
Hippocratic maxim of “do no harm” and the Hippocratic oath’s requirement
that physicians benefit their patients “according to their best judgment”
the ethical considerations involved in using persons as subjects of research
all of the above
23. Federal regulations control federal grants that apply to experiments involving new
drugs
medical devices
medical procedures
a, band c
a and c only
Federal regulations require hospital-based researchers to obtain approval of an institutional review board, which functions to _
review proposed research studies
conduct follow-up reviews on a regular basis
approve all research protocols without question
a and b only
all of the above
25. Wrongful birth actions claim that _
if not for breach of duty by the defendant, a child would not have been born.
damages were sustained by parents of an unexpected child based on the
allegation that the child’s conception was the result of negligent sterilization
procedures or a defective contraceptive device.
the parent and/or child claims to have suffered harm as a result of being born.
none of the above
all of the above
26. Active euthanasia occurs when _
hope for survival still exists
a potentially life-saving treatment is withdrawn or withheld
physician assisted suicide
there is an intentional commission of an act that will result in death
none of the above
The Supreme Court has ruled that there exists no constitutional right to assisted suicide. This decision allowed the state of Michigan to prosecute for assisting patients in committing suicide.
Kevorkian
Cruzan
Quinlan
Humphry
e.Quili
28. Advance directives _
a. allow the patient to state in advance the kinds of medical care that he or she considers acceptable or not acceptable
b.allows the patient to appoint an agent to make those decisions on his or her behalf
allows the patient to execute a living will
allows the patient to execute a durable power of attorney
all of the above
29. Guardianship is a legal mechanism by which the court declares _
the guardian incompetent and appoints a proxy
a person incompetent and appoints a guardian
a person competent and appoints a guardian
a family member incompetent and appoints a guardian
none of the above
30. A surrogate decision maker is an agent who acts on behalf of _
an agent who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision
a proxy who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision
a patient who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision
a physician who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision
a and d only
31. Futility ofTreatment _
a. relates to medical occurrences where the physician recognizes that the effect
of treatment will be of no benefit to the patient
b. morally requires the physician to inform the patient when there is little
likelihood of success in further treatment
is a scientific decision
none of the above
a, b and conly
32. The Supreme Court has ruled that there is _
a constitutional right to assisted suicide
no constitutional right to assisted suicide
an unconstitutional right to assisted suicide
all of the above
none of the above
33. Ethics committees should be structured to include _
persons in positions of political stature, respect and diversity
only hospital caregivers
a wide range of community leaders
a and conly
all of the above
34. Patients and family should be encouraged to _
rely on paternalism
depend on the physician’s beliefs and values
participate in patient care conflict resolution
rely on caregivers to make patient decisions
35. Circular reasoning describes a person that _
has no known beliefs
believes in situational ethics
has already decided the correctness of something
has no concern for right and wrong
takes all opinions under advisement prior to deciding right from wrong
36. An informed decision involves _
the process of identifying the various alternatives to an ethical dilemma
determining the pros and cons of alternative choices
having a clear unbiased willingness to listen
making fair and reasonable decisions based on accepted moral values
all of the above
37. A general rule of conduct that is enforced by the government is _
judicial decision
private law
c.law
public law
regulation
38. is where common law is derived.
Written laws
Statutes
Judicial decisions
Public laws
Constitutional laws
39. One could argue that U.S. common law was adapted from _
English common law
English statutory law
French common law
French legal system
Spanish legal system
40. The primary responsibility of administrative agencies is to _
implement administrative law
create administrative law
develop rules and regulations to implement the law
none of the above
a and c
41. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) _
develops and implements administrative regulations
carries out national health and human services policy objectives
is the main source of regulations that affect the health care industry
is a cabinet level position
all of the above
42. Negligence can be in the form of _
malfeasance
misfeasance
nonfeasance
all ofthe above
none of the above
43. The infringement on the mental security or tranquillity of another person is _
assault
tranquillity
battery
false imprisonment
e.jeopardy
A false oral or written communication to someone other than the individual
being defamed that subjects that individual’s reputation to scorn and ridicule is
known as _
defamation of character
criminal conduct
duty to care
foreseeability
none ofthe above
45. The spoken word of defamation is _
a.libel
slander
breach of duty
all of the above
none of the above
The wilful and intentional misrepresentation that could cause harm or loss to an individual or property.
Tort
Fraud
Criminal act
Broken contract
Unintentional misrepresentation
47. An offense punishable by less than one year in jail and/or a fine.
Felony
Fraud
Misdemeanor
Tort
Negligence
48. To be enforceable, contracts must contain _
an offer or communication
consideration
acceptance
none of the above
all of the above
49. A legal order requiring a person to appear in court.
Subpoena duces tecum
Subpoena
Contract
Exclusive contract
Demonstrative evidence
50. Damages can include _
nominal damages
compensatory damages
hedonic damages
punitive damages
all of the above
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