10 May DO YOU FEEL THAT THE UK HAVING NUCLEAR WEAPONS MAKES FOR A SAFER COUNTRY?
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This is an essay for applying research we had an essay before but working as group also we have an questionnaire in the first essay now I have to use the questioner in the last essay which is this . This is the topic of the essay and explain to you how to write the essay , As a group you will use the questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 40 individuals. You will then be required to analyse the data individually using analytic software and produce your own 2500 word individual research report outlining your findings. Now I have the result of the questionnaire with the questions . I hope are doing the essay good also I just want you to read what I put it also read the (doing your research well because will explain you more) This is all the result of the questioner
1/ what is your gender ?
(Gender) PHI Chi-Square Cramer’s V
1-5 .890 .890 .068
Question 5/Do you know what ‘Trident ‘ is and its significance ?
1-6 .659 .659 .347
6/On a scale one to ten , with ten being most worried and one being the least ,how worried are you of the threat of a nuclear attack ?
1-7 .469 .469 .176
7/Is there any situation where the use of nuclear weapons would ,in your opinion , be justified ?
1-8 .273 .273 .230
8/Do you feel that the UK having nuclear weapons makes for a safer country?
1-9 .501 .501 .170
9/The annual cost of maintaining the UKs nuclear weapons is approximately 600M.Do you think this is a sensible of taxpayers’ money?
1-10 .079 .079 .414
10/ To what extent do you agree with the following statement ‘The is a place for nuclear weapons in the modern world?
1-11 .810 .810 .180
11/To what do you agree with the following statement :the use of nuclear weapons has had a positive impact on the world up until now?
1-12 .286 .286 .226
12/Should the UK give up its nuclear weapons?
2/what is your age ?
(Age) PHI Chi-square Cramer’s V
2-5 .76 .76 .412
Question 5/Do you know what ‘Trident ‘ is and its significance ?
2-6 .342 .342 .419
6/On a scale one to ten , with ten being most worried and one being the least ,how worried are you of the threat of a nuclear attack ?
2-7 .307 .307 .345
7/Is there any situation where the use of nuclear weapons would ,in your opinion , be justified ?
2-8 .075 .075 .416
8/Do you feel that the UK having nuclear weapons makes for a safer country?
2-9 .906 .906 .223
9/The annual cost of maintaining the UKs nuclear weapons is approximately 600M.Do you think this is a sensible of taxpayers’ money?
2-10 .555 .555 .307
10/ To what extent do you agree with the following statement ‘The is a place for nuclear weapons in the modern world?
2-11 .600 .600 .301
11/To what do you agree with the following statement :the use of nuclear weapons has had a positive impact on the world up until now?
2-12 .577 .577 .295
12/Should the UK give up its nuclear weapons?
3/Who would you be most likely to vote for ?
(Vote) PHI Chi-square Cramer’s V
3-5 .948 .948 .210
Question 5/Do you know what ‘Trident ‘ is and its significance ?
3-6 .001 .001 .210
6/On a scale one to ten , with ten being most worried and one being the least ,how worried are you of the threat of a nuclear attack ?
3-7 .252 .252 .377
7/Is there any situation where the use of nuclear weapons would ,in your opinion , be justified ?
3-8 .164 .164 .402
8/Do you feel that the UK having nuclear weapons makes for a safer country?
3-9 .229 .229 .387
9/The annual cost of maintaining the UKs nuclear weapons is approximately 600M.Do you think this is a sensible of taxpayers’ money?
3-10 .12 .12 .458
10/ To what extent do you agree with the following statement ‘The is a place for nuclear weapons in the modern world?
3-11 .380 .380 .384
11/To what do you agree with the following statement :the use of nuclear weapons has had a positive impact on the world up until now?
3-12 .238 .238 .381
12/Should the UK give up its nuclear weapons?
4/How many children do you have?
(children) PHI Chi-square Cramer’s V
4-5 .054 .054 .425
Question 5/Do you know what ‘Trident ‘ is and its significance ?
4-6 .345 .345 .419
6/On a scale one to ten , with ten being most worried and one being the least ,how worried are you of the threat of a nuclear attack ?
4-7 .257 .257 .350
7/Is there any situation where the use of nuclear weapons would ,in your opinion , be justified ?
4-8 .638 .638 .284
8/Do you feel that the UK having nuclear weapons makes for a safer country?
4-9 .741 .741 .267
9/The annual cost of maintaining the UKs nuclear weapons is approximately 600M.Do you think this is a sensible of taxpayers’ money?
4-10 .786 .786 .275
10/ To what extent do you agree with the following statement ‘The is a place for nuclear weapons in the modern world?
4-11 .250 .250 .349
11/To what do you agree with the following statement :the use of nuclear weapons has had a positive impact on the world up until now?
4-12 .439 .439 .320
12/Should the UK give up its nuclear weapons?
I have an three lecture I would like you to follow all the lecture and write what they need from me to do in the essay
Quantitative Data Analysis – a case study: The Applying Research
Data analysis (SPSS) in your report ?
General themes for your results??
Results are the work you are doing in the IT labs.
Hand in date 14/4/2016!
Refer back to your research hypothesis and main research questions as focus.
Keep to the structure and meet the criteria for the results section- look on BB!
Your decision what questions you discuss in the main body of the results- remember it is individual!
Use your discretion in how you want to demonstrate your results- what charts to include, graphs…
Make use of the appendix!
Importance of structure for your results!
Make a clear attempt at both descriptive and Inferential.
Focus on explaining, illustrating, demonstrating and analysing.
Charts and graphs- what do they add to your work?
Show a more advanced level of analysis- include secondary results.
Aim for coherent, structured and analytical work.
?Why conduct statistical analysis??
It is a statistical analysis module- show you understand quantitative data!
Statistical analysis can tell you about your hypothesis and Null hypothesis. Is your data are statistically significant?
You need to consider:
Why you would use statistics.
What data you have
What is the most appropriate statistical measures to use?
Important issues for your report? ?
Be imaginative and keep your focus on your research question!
‘Balancing act’ to keep within the word count- requires some skill!
Consider all of the data collected BUT in relation to the statistics…
Which is the most relevant data do statistical analysis on.
Which variables you should chose to compare and contrast.
Go beyond the SPSS booklet for structure- show your ability!
?Types of analysis…Firstly-Descriptive statistics??
For the results section -two types of statistics: Descriptive and Inferential.
Refer to the SPSS booklet for guidance!
Descriptive Statistics are all about measuring averages, allow us to make general statements about particular phenomena.
Descriptive statistics include measures such as the Median, the Mode, and the Mean.
?Make sure your results make sense in terms of what you see!?
“A common mistake on the part of the novice in statistics is to disregard the descriptive analysis in favour of the inferential analysis…consequences of this is that trend are not understood or over looked and the results of the inferential statistics appear meaningless”(Cramer and Howitt 2004: 50)
?Stage 1: Defining Data? ?
To be able to use statistical tests appropriately you need to know what sort of data your questions are creating.
There are four different levels of data:
Level 1 Nominal: This is all about putting data into categories.
Level 2 Ordinal: This is all about putting things in order.
Levels 3 and 4, Interval and Ratio: This is all about real numbers
?Examples? :
1. Do you drink alcohol? Yes No (Nominal)
2. How much do you agree with the following statement: ‘I am a heavy drinker’ (Ordinal)
Strongly agree agree disagree strongly disagree
3. On a scale of 1 – 5 how satisfied are you with how the police deal with binge drinking? (Ordinal)
4. How many times a week you drink? ___(Ratio)
? Different averages:Calculating mean, median and mode? :
These allow you to make general statements about trends in your data.
Calculate your level of data- can you do all of these??
Mean- Add up the totals and divide by the number of cases. (Ratio data, but is sometimes used in ordinal scores when asking to score satisfaction).
Median- The middle value (Ordinal data has an order).
Mode- The most frequent answer: Used on Nominal or any other level of data.
?Stage 2: Averages and frequency tables?
Averages are often used with Frequency tables. These allow us to visually present data to make simple observations.
Descriptive data allows us to make general statements about our data, trends, was it what we predicted?
Does it fit with our stated hypothesis?
Can you identify some patterns occurring within the data.
Are these what you predicted?
??statistic :
Data presented: Whether they agreed or disagreed with a statement: (agree was coded 1 and disagree was coded 2)
There were 404 participants in the study.
1 person did not answer the question.
The most frequent answer for all statements was ‘agree’ (coded as 1).
Only the Mode here is useful, as the data is calculated as Nominal. (indicate this in your work)
Table NOT needed but make clear reference to the Mode/Mean/Median!
?I have always felt save in Lincoln without cctv
The following table represents the results for the statement ‘ I have always felt safe in Lincoln even without CCTV’.
260 participants agreed with the statement.
132 disagreed with the statement.
In percentage terms without the missing value 64.4% agreed, 32.7% disagreed and 3% did not know. This is stated as the valid percent.
The Cumulative percent is a ‘running total’.
Be Selective- Choose some for results- why relevant?
?Descriptive stats- Summary
Allows us to make general statements about our data.
Show trends related to your predictions.
Keep reflecting back to the hypothesis in your discussion.
You can identify some patterns that are occurring within your data- are these different to literature trends.
Make comparisons between filter questions, if they said yes to one then what did that percent answer to another question, this is good way of testing validity and reliability.
?Graphs and charts to show your data.?
Trial and error!
You can draw these on SPSS by using the Chart Builder or selecting the graph menu.
It is crucial to use an appropriate chart for your data.
What do they tell us about your trends?
The most appropriate -bar and pie charts?
Be sensible about the types of charts that you use.
Explain and make sure they are correctly labelled!?
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