12 May DESCRIBE AN ETHICAL DILEMMA YOU HAVE EXPERIENCED IN YOUR LIFE
Describe
an ethical dilemma you have experienced in your life
2. Explain
why it is an ethical dilemma
3. Explain
how you resolved your ethical dilemma (that is, describe your reasoning process
that led you to resolve your dilemma in the way that you did)
4. State the
stage of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development you were in when you resolved
your ethical dilemma and explain why you believe you were in that stage. This
means you need you provide a justification for why you believe you were in that
stage
5. In
justifying why you were in that stage, you should also explain why you were not
in the other closely related stages of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Maximum of 1250 wordsMing versus Roger Ethical DilemmaMing is a recent migrant to Australia, having arrived in
September 2015. He lives in the Brisbane suburb of Darra with his wife and one
month old baby son.Ming was unemployed for six months, but recently obtained a
sales assistant role in a local pharmacy run by Roger. Roger told Ming that he
is on probation for three months. If Ming performs adequately, Roger has stated
he will provide Ming an ongoing, full time position.Ming’s wife is unable to work in her profession as a child
carer due to her poor English. She would need to pay for English classes to
improve her English skills before she has any chance of employment in Brisbane
as a child care worker. Further, she is currently not looking for work as she
is the full time carer for their baby son.Given he has a wife and baby son to support, Ming was
ecstatic when he landed the position at Roger’s Pharmacy. Clearly Ming wants to
do well during the probation period so he can secure a full time position.About a month into the probation period, Roger told Ming
that a pharmaceutical company EastPharma was having a promotion of its
arthritis medicine, Modoxolin. According to Roger, Modoxolin was a relatively
new product and EastPharma was trying to promote the product by offering a
commission. For every Modoxolin sold, the pharmacy would receive a $15
commission. Roger told Ming that he would pay Ming $5 for each sale he made.
Modoxolin currently cost $35 a packet for a month’s supply.Roger told Ming that when a customer comes into the pharmacy
and asks for a recommendation of arthritis medicine, Ming should tell the
customer to buy Modoxolin. Ming then asked Roger about the other arthritis
medicine, Condoitin, made by the pharmaceutical company WestPharma.Having worked at the pharmacy for a month, Ming knows that
neither Modoxolin nor Condoitin require a doctor’s prescription. Importantly,
he also knows both medicines contain the same ingredients and so have the same
level of effectiveness. The only difference between the two is cost. Modoxolin
costs $35 for a month’s supply whereas Condoitin costs $20 for a month’s
supply.The following exchange occurs around the recommendation of
Modoxolin:Roger: “When a customer asks you what kind of arthritis
medication they should take, you should recommend Modoxolin.”Ming: “What about Condoitin? I have always been
recommending it, because it has the same ingredients and is cheaper. You know I
worry because most arthritis patients are elderly and don’t have a lot of
money. It might seem like a small amount of money, but it can make a big
difference to someone on the pension.”Roger: “Look, the promotion is on for 3 months. We both
benefit out of this with the extra commission and we are still providing
quality health advice. The patient’s health, our key concern, will not be
compromised – and it’s not like there is a doctor’s script asking for the
alternative.Just stick to recommending Modoxolin while the promotion is
on – I need to do some renovations to the pharmacy and this extra commission
can pay for it. Things like a new air conditioning system for the pharmacy. And
needless to say, with a young son and a wife who needs English classes to get a
job, I am sure you could do with the money. You know, if you can’t follow a
simple instruction like this, I’m not sure you’ll survive the probation
period…”Ming is the only employee at Roger’s Pharmacy. On average
there are approximately one hundred elderly customers visiting Roger’s Pharmacy
a week requesting advice on arthritis medication. Ming calculates that his share
of the commission would pay for English classes for his wife, Song.Roger and Ming will not be breaking any laws in Australia if
they advise customers to buy Modoxolin and do not tell the customers about
Condoitin.———Advise Ming as to whether he should only advise customers to
buy Modoxolin or whether he should also tell the customer about Condoitin. In
your advice you should analyse Ming’s dilemma with the three ethical theories
namely:I. utilitarianism;II. Kantian
ethics; andIII. virtue
ethics.For each theory, your answer should specify your analysis
and conclusion (i.e. you need to clearly specify whether it would be ethical,
according to each theory, for Ming to only recommend Modoxolin and not mention
Condoitin).Note: You do
not need to undertake any research into arthritis medication to answer this
question. Please only use the facts provided to you in the topic to answer this
question. For
utilitarianism you must discuss all relevant stakeholders that you can identify
from the topic provided in your answer. For
Kantian ethics, your analysis should include the appropriate maxim and must
apply both Kantian principles of universal acceptability and respect. For
Virtue ethics, you must apply one virtue that is relevant to the dilemma. You
should explain why the virtue you have selected is relevant to the dilemma. The
virtue you use must be selected from the list of virtues in the table titled
‘Aristotle’s moral virtues’ (File attached below). In addition to applying one
relevant virtue you must also include in your answer a discussion of at least
one corresponding vice in relation to the virtue you have selected.Part A continuedQuestion 2Ming wants your opinion as to usefulness of the three
theories (Utilitarianism, Kantian ethics and virtue ethics) in resolving
ethical dilemmas.Provide a written response to Ming. In your written response
you should:1. Rank the
three ethical theories (utilitarianism, Kantian ethics and virtue ethics) in
order of most useful in resolving ethical dilemmas to least useful; and2. Justify
your ranking by evaluating the three theories. You can do this by discussing at
least one benefit or criticism of each theory and use this evaluation to
justify why you ranked the theories in the order you did. You must reference
the source/s used. The source/s must be either a textbook or a journal article.Part B (Part B is unrelated to Part A)1. Describe
an ethical dilemma you have experienced in your life2. Explain
why it is an ethical dilemma3. Explain
how you resolved your ethical dilemma (that is, describe your reasoning process
that led you to resolve your dilemma in the way that you did)4. State the
stage of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development you were in when you resolved
your ethical dilemma and explain why you believe you were in that stage. This
means you need you provide a justification for why you believe you were in that
stage5. In
justifying why you were in that stage, you should also explain why you were not
in the other closely related stages of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral DevelopmentMaximum of 1250 words
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