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A 55-year old male client with a history of cardiovascular

A 55-year old male client with a history of cardiovascular

Question
A 55-year old male client with a history of cardiovascular disease has been admitted to the intensive care unit after recovering from cardiogenic shock. In the hours since admission, the client’s arterial blood gases indicate acidosis, most likely acute lactic acidosis. Which of the following signs, symptoms, and diagnostic findings might his care team anticipate before the acid-base balance is restored?
Select all that apply.

a. decreased anion gap
b. decreased alertness and cognition
c. decreased pH
d. nausea and vomiting
e. hypoventilation
f. cardiac dysrhythmias

The ICU nurse is concerned with her patient’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results- especially the pH 7.30; and PCO2= 49 mmHg. The nurse interprets these ABG results to mean respiratory acidosis. The nurse knows which of the following are clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis? Select all that apply.

a. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes

b. Complaints of paresthesia sensations around the lips/mouth

c. Muscle twitching

d. Numbness in the fingers and toes

e. Headache with complaints of blurred vision

A patient who overdosed on aspirin is brought to the emergency department. The nurse caring for this patient finds which of the following clinical manifestations? Select all that apply.

a. Urine output approximately 100 mL/hour

b. ABG report: pH 7.50, PCO2= 31 mmHg, and HCO3 level 19 mmol/L

c. Respiratory rate of 40

d. Bilateral crackles (fluid) in the lungs

e. Blood pressure of 100/72

A client with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with suspected ketoacidosis which of the following diagnostic results would most likely confirm this diagnosis?

a. High ammonia levels, decreased anion gap, high potassium

b. Increased anion gap, base deficit

c. Decreased anion gap, decreased urine ammonium level

d. Low O2 levels, increased anion gap, base excess

When trying to explain the role of potassium and hydrogen related to acid-base balance, which of the following statements is accurate?

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