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In the United States the Arts and Craft Movement was known as Mission style. This movement challenged the Victorian era. William and his cronies had the idea of good design linked to good society. This was a vision of good working conditions not commonly found in factories at the time. They wanted the workers to be craftsmen and proud of their work by taking pride in their skill. The demand for manufactured goods were on the rise and often poor quality at this time. Morris and others proposed that it would be better for individual craftsmanship be revived. His goal was to create a design that was, “For the people and by the people, and a source of pleasure for the maker and the user,” ( Tillinghast, 2014) . Aesthetics were borrowed for Medieval European, Japanese, and Islamic designs.
In the time of the Arts and Crafts Movement, mass marketing pricing made this exquisitely made furniture only affordable to the wealthy. The idea for the idea of art for the people was lost.
In the United States the design for the masses was being fully realized. In NYC. Gustav Stickley was trying to serve middle class citizens with good, affordable, decent looking furniture. He then used manufacturing methods to produce the basic components and then the craftsmen to finish the job. By doing this, he was able to produce an attractive piece of furniture, sell it in vast quantities and it was sturdy enough to stand the test of time (Takes, 1999).
This method of manufacturing still exists today with clothing, car manufacturing, homes, and of course, furniture. Stickley’s pieces are very valuable to collectors today.
The Industrial revolution has impacted the world and environment. As the population increases, natural resources deplete. The use of chemicals and fuels in factories has increased water pollution and air pollution. Poor conditions in factories still exist today and still include child labor. It was the first time since the Neolithic Revolution that people worked outside of the local environment of their homes. This also allowed unskilled workers to be employed often doing health hazardous jobs for very low wages (Sayre, 2012). The large amounts being produced also lowed the value of the goods. It was a major turning point in the world that caused changes in everyday life such as transportation, health, and medicine which led to the developments of many inventions.
References
Henry M. Sayre, (2012). Discovering the Humanities (2nd Edition) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Takes, J. W. (1999). Gustav Stickley: Woodworker of the 20th century. Woodworker’s Journal, 23(6), 8. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=2423538&site=eds-live&scope=site (Links to an external site.)
Tillinghast, R. (2014). William Morris, maker. New Criterion, 32(6), 30. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=94342485&site=eds-live&scope=site
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