bio st1

1) A) Describe the steps of the scientific method. B) Generate a hypothesis/question to

describe what is being tested in the diagram on the right. (3pts)

2) Draw an enzyme activation curve to demonstrate the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-

CoA. Use the following terminologies to label your diagram: uncatalyzed reaction,

catalyzed reaction, name of product(s), name of reactant(s), name of the enzyme, and ∆G.

(3pts)

3) When you were younger you were probably told that in photosynthesis CO2 gets

converted into O2, but you of course know that is not true. What does the CO2 get

converted into? Where does the O2 produced in photosynthesis come from? Explain your

answer. (2pts)

4) Draw a diagram to illustrate the following types of diffusion: facilitated diffusion, uniport

transport, antiport transport, symport transport, active transport (3pts)

5) Describe two laws of thermodynamics. (2pts)

6) Describe the components and the functions of cytoskeletons. (2pts)

7) Why would the formation of ice crystals inside a cell cause the cell to rupture? (1pt)

8) Describe how animal cells use junctions in different ways? (2pts)

9)

Use the Michaelis-Menten Plot to answer question 11. (2pts)

a) If Vmax for the black curve is 1, what is Km?

b) Which graph (A, B, C, or D) represent a competitive inhibition?

c) Determine Km for your answer in b.

d) How does competitive inhibition affect Vmax and Km?

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