BIO113 – The adult alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus

14 Jun BIO113 – The adult alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus

Question
Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1
1. The adult alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus, is about how many feet long?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
1.81818 points

Question 2
1. Which organ performs the major role in excreting wastes from the body?
A. lungs
B. colon
C. skin
D. kidneys
1.81818 points

Question 3
1. The __________ is the largest artery in the body.
A. apex
B. aorta
C. endocardium
D. myocardium
1.81818 points

Question 4
1. A traveling blood clot is called _____.
A. hemorrhage
B. embolism

C. phlebitis
D. claudication
1.81818 points

Question 5
1. Which of the following factors usually plays the least significant role in obesity?
A. genetics
B. lack of physical activity
C. overconsumption of food
D. underconsumption of fruits and vegetables
1.81818 points

Question 6
1. Which of the following microorganisms must live inside the cell of another organism in
order to secure nourishment and reproduce?
A. bacteria
B. fungi
C. protozoa
D. viruses

Question 7
1. Match each condition or infection to its description
2.
4.
menorrhagia
benign prostatic hypertrophy
gonorrhea
endometriosis
trichomoniasas vaginalis
toxic shock syndrome
dysmenorrhea
chlamydia

epididymitis
2.
A.
3.
genital herpes

excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding
B.
enlarged prostate
C.
bacterial STD in which males may
experience painful urination and discharge
of pus
D.
uterine tissue is located outside the uterus
E.
protozoan infection that causes itching and
burning of the vagina in females and urethra
in males
F.
potentially life-threatening infection caused
by staphylococcus bacteria
G.
painful menstruation
H.
common STD that presents no symptoms
for most women and many men
I.
infection that causes swelling and pain in
groin and scrotum
J.
viral STD that may cause lesions in the
genitalia

Question 8
1. A chronic, progressive inflammatory disease that permanently damages the liver is
_____.
A. hepatitis
B. cirrhosis
C. ulcer
D. colitis
1.81818 points

Question 9
1. Certain bacteria have been designated as “super bugs” because they _____.
A. are easy to transmit and, therefore, are favored by bioterrorists
B. cause especially serious respiratory infections.
C. are resistant to even very powerful antibiotics.
D. are spread globally by travelers.
1.81818 points

Question 10
1. Another term used to describe high blood pressure is ____________________.
A.
dysphasia
B.
aphasia
C.
hypotension
D.
hypertension

1.81818 points

Question 11
1. Inflammation of the intestine caused by bacterial or viral infection is called _____.
A. enteritis
B. gastritis
C. appendicitis
D. diverticulosis
1.81818 points

Question 12
1. ________________ is a procedure to help open clogged vessels.
A. cardiac output
B. catheterization
C. angioplasty
D. cardiotonics
1.81818 points

Question 13
1. Which of the following infectious diseases is increasing in incidence after being on the
decline for many years?
A. tuberculosis
B. diphtheria
C. pneumonia
D. SARS
1.81818 points

Question 14
1. Asthma is a respiratory disease in which _____.
A. the mucous membrane of the trachea becomes inflamed

B. an inflammatory response obstructs the airways
C. the lungs become infected and filled with pus
D. swallowing is difficult and painful
1.81818 points

Question 15
1. Individuals whose kidneys have failed are treated with a process called _____.
A. urinalysis.
B. dialysis
C. percutaneous nephrolithotomy
1.81818 points

Question 16
1. The average adult has _________ pints of blood in his or her body.
A. 2-4
B. 4-6
C. 4-6
D. 8-10
1.81818 points

Question 17
1. _____ is the death of body tissue as a result of an insufficient blood supply caused by
disease or injury.
A. arteriosclerosis
B. hemorrhoids
C. varicose veins
D. gangrene
1.81818 points

Question 18

1. White blood cells are known as ____________________.
A.
leukocytes
B.
erythrocytes
C.
myoblasts
D.
diapedesis
1.81818 points

Question 19
1. A disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally shaped is called _______ anemia.
A. antigen
B. basophil
C. sickle cell
D. globin
1.81818 points

Question 20
1. Match each disorder with its description.
2.

4.
Tay-Sachs disease

thalassemia

sickle cell anemia

Duchene’s muscular dystrophy

Down syndrome

phenylketonuria

cystic fibrosis

hemophilia

Huntington’s disease

2.
A.
3.
Turner’s syndrome

missing enzyme causes brain damage that
results in mental and motor deterioration
B.
anemia accompanied by enlargement of the
spleen and possible congestive heart disease
C.
abnormality of red blood cells interfering
with ability to carry oxygen
D.
impairment of skeletal muscles, as their
fibers are replaced with fat and connective
tissue
E.
presence of an extra chromosome, which
causes certain physical malformations and

some degree of mental retardation
F.
metabolic disorder that disrupts normal
brain development
G.
excretion of thick mucus that blocks the
respiratory passages
H.
inability to produce a substance necessary
for blood clotting
I.
abnormal gene causes deterioration of the
central nervous system
J.
a chromosomal defect that results in
abnormal female sexual development

1.81818 points

Question 21
1. Healthcare workers use a spirometer to measure the _____.
A. level of carbon dioxide in the blood
B. lungs’ capacity for air
C. amount of pressure in the lungs
D. level of pleural fluid
1.81818 points

Question 22
1. The double layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart is the __________.
A. apex
B. edema

C. pericardium
D. septum
1.81818 points

Question 23
1. A hereditary disease in which blood clots slowly or abnormally is called _____.
A. polycythemia
B. embolism
C. hematoma
D. hemophilia
1.81818 points

Question 24
1. The abbreviation for the type of cholesterol that removes fat from cells is _____.
A. LDL
B. VLDL
C. HDL
D. VHDL
1.81818 points

Question 25
1. The most common nutritional disorder in the U.S. today is ____________________.
A.
anorexia nervosa
B.
bulimia
C.
anemia
D.
obesity

1.81818 points

Question 26
1. Clients who have undergone surgery or have been on prolonged bed rest are at increased
risk for _____.
A. COPD
B. bronchitis
C. pulmonary embolism
D. atelectasis
1.81818 points

Question 27
1. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the _____.
A. gums
B. liver
C. defecation
D. absorption
1.81818 points

Question 28
1. Red blood cells, or ____________________, are biconcave, disc-shaped cells.
A.
leukocytes
B.
erythrocytes
C.
myoblasts

1.81818 points

Question 29
1. Which one of the following is NOT one of the four types of blood:
A. A
B. AO
C. B
D. AB
E. O
1.81818 points

Question 30
1. The body’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy needed by the body
_____.
A. to maintain current weight
B. to perform vigorous exercise
C. at rest
D. to gain weight
1.81818 points

Question 31
1. A person’s total cholesterol level should be below _____.
A. 200
B. 300
C. 150
D. 250
1.81818 points

Question 32
1. Loss of voluntary control over urination is called _____.

A. neurogenic bladder
B. dialysis
C. incontinence
D. urgency
1.81818 points

Question 33
1. What is the meaning of autoimmunity?
A. A mother passes her antibodies to her unborn child.
B. An individual is naturally immune to many common diseases.
C. Immunity has been acquired through vaccines.
D. The immune system mistakenly targets normal body cells.
1.81818 points

Question 34
1. A rapid heartbeat is most accurately called _____.
A. arrhythmia
B. bradycardia
C. tachycardia
D. fibrillation
1.81818 points

Question 35
1. The ballooning out of an artery and thinning of the artery wall is called a/an __________.
A. aphasia
B. stroke
C. aneurysm
D. arteriole
1.81818 points

Question 36
1. Match each mineral and vitamin with its function.
2.
vitamin B12
4.
zinc
vitamin K
iodine
vitamin B3
potassium
calcium
vitamin E
iron
2.
vitamin A
3.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.

synthesis of red blood cells
metabolism of vitamin A
enables normal blood clotting
component of thyroid hormones
enables normal metabolism
maintenance of body water balance
formation of bones and teeth
act as an antioxidant
component of hemoglobin
enables night vision

1.81818 points

Question 37
1. A deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of
hemoglobin in the blood is called _____.
A. anemia
B. aplastic anemia
C. pernicious anemia

D. sickle cell anemia
1.81818 points

Question 38
1. Which process is regulated by secretions of the thyroid gland?
A. digestion
B. metabolism
C. defecation
D. absorption
1.81818 points

Question 39
1. What is the minimum amount of time that hands should be washed to prevent
transmitting infection?
A. 5 seconds
B. 10 seconds
C. 15 seconds
D. 20 seconds
1.81818 points

Question 40
1. Most, if not all, health care workers must have current certification in which of the
following?
A. CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
B. ALS (advanced life support)
C. PALS (pediatric advanced life support)
D. EKG (electrocardiogram) interpretation
1.81818 points

Question 41

1. Where does oxygen release the energy stored in nutrients to provide heat and energy for
body functioning?
A. blood in the capillaries
B. alveoli in the lungs
C. cells throughout the body
D. lymph surrounding tissues
1.81818 points

Question 42
1. Match each condition/disease with its description.
2.

4.
scleroderma

lymphadenitis

anaphylactic shock

lupus

Hodgkin’s disease

tonsillitis

asthma

infectious mononucleosis

hypersensitivity

2.
A.
3.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

autoimmune disease in which the skin and
blood vessels thicken
B.
inflammation and swelling of the lymph
nodes
C.
serious allergic reaction
D.
chronic, multi-symptomatic, inflammatory,
autoimmune disease
E.
cancer of the lymph nodes
F.
infection of the tonsils
G.
condition caused by antibodies binding to
the bronchi and bronchioles
H.
infectious disease caused by the EpsteinBarr virus
I.
failure of the immune system to protect
itself against foreign material
J.
serious, usually fatal, disease caused by
suppression of the immune system

1.81818 points

Question 43
1. Which would be the spleen’s first action in response to a deep knife wound in the leg?
A. release red blood cells into circulation
B. aid in clotting to stop bleeding at the wound site
C. produce lymphocytes and monocytes
1.81818 points

Question 44
1. How does inoculation protect the body against infectious diseases?
A. Booster substances are injected to increase the strength of the immune system.
B. The antibody for a specific infection is injected to be available to defend the
body.
C. Small amounts of disease-causing substances are injected to stimulate the body
to produce antibodies.
1.81818 points

Question 45
1. A temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain is a __________.
A. stroke
B. shock
C. embolism
D. TIA
1.81818 points

Question 46
1. Which of the following foods tends to help lower cholesterol levels?
A. eggs
B. liver
C. beef
D. oat bran

1.81818 points

Question 47
1. Blood leaves the heart through ___________ and returns by _____________
A. veins, arteries b. aorta, capillaries
B. veins, capillaries
C. arteries, veins

Question 48
1. Milk, cheese, and dark green vegetables are good sources of which mineral?
A. calcium
B. iron
C. potassium
D. sodium

Question 49
1. Which of the following hormones controls the rate of metabolism, heat production, and
oxidation of cells?
A.
Thyroxin
B.
testosterone
C.
thymosin
D.
ACTH

Question 50
1. _____ is vital to the function of the red blood cell, helping it transport oxygen to the
tissues and some carbon dioxide away from tissues.

A. hemoglobin
B. albumin
C. fibrinogen
D. globulin

Question 51
1. Match the gland with its hormone
2.

4.
testes

ovaries

thyroid

adrenal medulla

thymus

parathyroid

pituitary – posterior lobe

adrenal cortex

pituitary – anterior lobe

A.
2.
pancreas

testosterone
B.
estrogen
C.
thyroxin
D.
adrenaline
E.
thymosin
F.
parathormone
G.
antidiuretic hormone
H.
androgens
I.
follicle-stimulating hormone
J.
glucagon

Question 52
1. The _____ sends out an electrical impulse that regulates the heartbeat.
A.
AV node
B.
SA node

C.
Purkinje fibers
D.
AV bundle

Question 53
1. Which of the following blood pressure reading would be considered mild hypertension?
A. 120/80
B. 130/80
C. 140/90
D. 150/90

Question 54
1. Severe chest pain that occurs when the heart does not receive enough oxygen is called
_____.
A. pericarditis
B. myocardial infarction
C. atherosclerosis
D. angina pectoris

Question 55
1. The term used to describe getting up during the night to urinate is _____.
A. nocturia
B. polyuria
C. pyuria
D. oliguria