BIOLOGY 1408 – BioLab3 Lab Report 2 Ecology Concepts

15 Jun BIOLOGY 1408 – BioLab3 Lab Report 2 Ecology Concepts

Question
BioLab3

Lab Report 2

Ecology Concepts

Student Name:

I. Producers

Define the following terms.

Ecology

Ecosystem

Community

Population

Habitat

A. Chloroplast Structure

Define the following terms.

Chloroplasts

Chlorophyll

Autotroph

Heterotroph

B. Examples of Producers

EXERCISE 1 – Identification of producers

Step 2:Record the name of the specimen. For each specimen, identify distinguishingcharacteristics and the reason why it is a producer.

Organism

Characteristics

Why is this a producer?

Step 3:

· What are the spherical green structures in the leaf cytoplasm?

· What is their function?

II. Consumers

EXERCISE 2– Identification of consumers

Step 2:Record the name of the organism, its distinguishing characteristics, and whether it is a primary or secondary consumer.

Organism

Characteristics

Type of Consumer

III. Decomposers

A. Examples of Decomposers

B. Examples of Detritivores

Define the following terms.

Bacteria

Fungi

Mycelium

Hypha

Rhizoids

Sporangiophores

Sporangia.

Basiodiocarp

Basidiospores

Detritovores

EXERCISE 3 – Identification of decomposers

Step 2:Record the name of each organism, its distinguishing characteristics, and why it is a decomposer.

Organism

Characteristics

Why is this a decomposer?

IV. Abiotic Material

· Which organisms break complex organic molecules down into simple inorganic molecules?

· Name three molecules that cycle through living systems.

V. Relationships Between Organisms

A. Vocabulary

What is the role of the following organisms in an ecosystem?

Organism

Role in Ecosystem

Producers

Primary consumers

Secondary consumers

Parasites

Tertiary consumers

Omnivores

Herbivore

Carnivore

Decomposer

B. Energy Relationships

C. Trophic Levels

D. Food Chains and Food Webs

Define the following terms.

Term

Definition

Photosynthesis

Cellular respiration

Metabolism

Trophic level

Food chain

Food web

In the space below, write the general equation summarizing photosynthesis.

+

sunlight

chlorophyll

+

In the space below, write the general equation summarizing cellular respiration.

+

enzymes

+

EXERCISE 4 – Terrestrial ecosystem

Step 2:Name the producers, consumers, and decomposers.

· Producers:

· Consumers:

· Decomposers:

Step 3:What are the abiotic components of an ecosystem?

Step 4:Draw a single food chain using the organisms from the food web.

Step 5:Identify the organisms that compete for food in the food web.

Competitors

VI. Flow of Energy

EXERCISE 5 – Energy flow in the ecosystem

How much of the producer’s energy is captured by secondaryconsumers?

An omnivore, such as a bear, can obtain nutrition by eatingplant and animal material. Which source most efficiently utilizes the sun’s energy?

· Explain how vegetarians obtain energy in the energy pyramid.

Summary Questions

1. What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph? Give an example of each.

2. All the organisms of the same species in a given location make up a:

3. What is theterm for the place where an organism lives?

4. What is the term for a community and its physical and chemical environment?

5. Define and give an example of a parasite.

6. Define and give an example of a producer.

7. Define and give an example of a detritivore.

8. Name the two major groups of decomposers in an ecosystem. Give an example of each.

9. What term is used to describe a primary consumer?

10.What term is used to describe a secondary consumer?

11.What term best describes the eating patterns of humans?

12.Explain how energy enters, flows, and exits an ecosystem.

13.Explain how abiotic materials cycle in an ecosystem.

14.Describe the difference between the movements of energy vs. abiotic materials in an ecosystem.

15.Draw an energy pyramid and label each part.

16.What determines the trophic level to which an organism belongs?

17.Compare a food chain to a food web. Draw an example of each using the following organisms: grass, blackberry bush, grasshopper, spider, mouse, rabbit, owl, coyote, and deer.

18.Name the four components of an ecosystem. Give an example of each.

19.A program was introduced to improve fishing in a pond. First all of the fish were removed from the pond. Later the pond was restocked with young carnivorous fish. Instead of growing into large fish, the new population contained many stunted individuals. Explai