09 Sep CMRJ322
QUESTION 1. As defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary women’s rights are legal, political, and social rights for women equal to those of men.
For this discussion I will primarily evaluate women’s rights in the United States. Many places in the world are drastically different from the United States when it comes to this topic.
The women’s rights movement in the United States started early in the 19th century. In a short time American women began to realize in order for things to change they needed the right to vote. The women’s rights movement grew out of the anti-slavery movement.
In the early colonies American women could not own property. In 1839 Mississippi was the first state that allowed women to own property with the permission of their husbands. Slowly laws were passed that allowed women to keep their earnings and own property in their name.
In 1920 the nineteenth amendment to the constitution was passed. This gave women the right to vote. In 1923 the initial draft of an equal rights amendment was established it stated, “Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction.”
The equal pay act was not passed by congress until 1963. This act promised equitable wages for the same work, regardless of the race, color, religion, national origin or sex of the worker.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act passed in 1964. This made employment sex discrimination illegal.
In 1972 Title IX passed which prohibits sex discrimination for all federal supported educational programs.
These are just a few of the highlights in the women’s rights movement in the United States. All of these improvements to women’s status came easier after they gained the right to vote. Without the ability to vote women would not be able to elect officials into public office who hold beliefs or core values beneficial to them.
In 2019 the women’s rights movement continues to grow. Part of this is due to women who are in elective offices. There are currently 127 women in the United States Congress, 25 women in the United States Senate, and 102 women in the United States House of Representatives. Not to mention women who are elected in local government offices.
One area of the women’s rights movement that has been hindered is sports equality for professional female athletes.
Earlier this year (2019) the entire Women’s United States Soccer Team filed a gender discrimination lawsuit. The lawsuit was filed against the United States Soccer Federation. The United States Women’s Soccer Team’s argument was that they play more games than the United States Men’s Soccer Team and are more successful than them. However the United States Women’s Soccer Team is paid less than the United States Men’s Soccer Team. The United States Women’s Soccer Team described this as, “Institutionalized gender discrimination.”
The Americans on the women’s soccer team feel this discrimination has affected their pay, where they play their games, how often they their games, how they practice, the medical care players receive, and how they travel to games.
American female professional tennis star Venus Williams and others challenged the governing body of Wimbledon, professional tennis’ premier tennis match, for equal prize money for the female and male champions in 2005. Williams’ plea was denied. In 2007 Wimbledon changed their policy and started paying both male and female champions equal prize money. This is a rare case where a female professional athlete can earn as much as her male counterpart.
Women’s rights have come a long way over the years and will continue to make progress. Today women work jobs that were once considered male professions only. There are no signs of the women’s rights movement reversing to times early in the United States history.
Sources:
mervosh, sarah. (2019, March 8). 8 Times Women in Sports fought for equality.The New York Times. Retrieved from nytimes.com/2019/0
milligan, susan. (2017, January 20). stepping through history.U.s. News & World Report.
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