12 Jun Diffusion, Bacterial Growth, Streak Plate Technique
Question
Assignment 5.1 – Diffusion, Bacterial Growth, Streak Plate Technique
Name: Date:
Special Types of Diffusion
1. What is diffusion?
2. What is non-specific facilitated diffusion?
3. What are membrane permeases? Why are these required for this type of diffusion to occur?
4. What is specific facilitated diffusion? How is this different from non-specific facilitated diffusion?
5. What is osmosis?
6. Can water pass directly through the cell membrane, unaided?
7. How does most water pass through the cell membrane given the resistance (hydrophobicity) of the cell membrane?
8. With reference to the concentration gradient (of solutes), in what direction does water move? How does the movement of water compare to the concentration of solutes (i.e. what happens to the concentration of solutes as water moves)?
9. In terms of solute concentrations in the extracellular fluid (ECF) and the intracellular fluid (ICF), what are the conditions that drive the movement of water from the ICF to the ECF? In this case, is the ECF hypotonic or hypertonic with regard to the cell? What happens to the cell as a result of this movement?
10. What are the conditions that drive the movement of water from the ECF to the ICF? In this case, is the ECF hypotonic or hypertonic with regard to the cell? What happens to the cell as a result of this movement?
Bacterial Growth Characteristics
1. What is the name of the process by which bacteria grow?
2. Is this sexual or asexual (i.e., does it require one or two parental cells)?
3. Briefly describe the steps in the process by which bacteria divide.
4. What is a septum?
5. What is the final result of binary fission?
6. How does the genetic makeup of the daughter cell compare to that of the parent cell?
7. Indicate at least one way that binary fission differs with cellular division in eukaryotic cells.
Growth Curve
1. What are the four phases of the bacterial growth curve?
2. What conditions characterize the first phase? Is there an increase in bacterial numbers during this phase?
3. What is the log (exponential) phase? What factors (in the growth media) facilitate rapid growth during this phase?
4. What is the stationary phase? What conditions (in the media) cause the cells to enter this stage? How is this stage defined in terms of population changes in the bacterial culture?
5. What is the final phase of the bacterial growth curve? What conditions are associated with entry into this phase?
6. Regarding the final phase, what are the changes in population density that characterize this phase? How may a bacterial cell survive this phase?
Streak Plate Technique
1. What is the purpose of streak plating?
2. What kind of information is recorded on the plate prior to beginning the streak plate procedure?
3. Why is the bottom of the plate labeled rather than the lid of the Petri dish?
4. Note the procedure used for streaking the entire plate. What is the purpose for streaking from a small area in the previous quadrant into the new, un-inoculated quadrant?
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5. Why is the loop flamed between each quadrant streak?
6. Following the completion of your streak, how is the plate positioned for incubation? Why is this required?
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