30 Apr DOES THE AUTHOR BUILD THE ARGUMENT THROUGH EXAMPLES OR ANALOGY?
The Authors Methods of Persuasion (p.181) – How does the author attempt to persuade his or her audience?
Does the writer quote authority? Are these authorities really competent in the field? Are equally competent authorities who take a different view ignored?
Does the author use statistics? If so, are they inappropriate to the point being argued? Can they be interpreted differently?
Does the author build the argument through examples or analogy? Are these satisfactory?
Are the writers assumptions acceptable?
Does the writer consider all of the relevant factors involved? Does the writer omit important points to make his or her case?
Does the author attempt to persuade through ridicule? Is this ridicule fair?
The Completeness or Incompleteness of an Argument: Does the writer consider all relevant factors? Has he or she omitted some points that you think need to be considered?
Authors Persona: The effectiveness (persuasiveness) of an authors persona or ethos in relation to his or her argument (p.182)
Pathos: The effectiveness (persuasiveness) of an authors style/word-choice/pathos in
relation to his or her argument
Ethos: The effectiveness (persuasiveness) of an authors use of statistics/citations/references/data in relationship to his or her argument
Your Thesis Statement:
Should indicate WHAT you want to analyze about your essay.
Should make some CLAIM (evaluation) about your essays logical/persuasive aspects in terms of its convincing or unconvincing nature.
Should detail your REASONS for taking a particular evaluative position with respect to the essay to be analyzed
(Possibly) make a qualified claim: e.g., one part of the essay is strong, the other part is not, etc.
Example of a Thesis-statement for an Analysis:
While Wilsons criticisms of gun control policy are relatively convincing, his proposal to increase police searches (“stop-and-frisk”) is not (Claim). This is because Wilson does not explain, in depth, how the potential negative consequences of his plan (racial profiling, enlarged state intervention, increased prison numbers, etc.) would out-weigh the positives. In other words, Wilsons argument fails to show how his solution would fully solve the problem he wishes to address – he merely assumes it. (Reasons or justification).
Boks argument that all racist forms of speech should be constitutionally protected, because such forms of speech should be considered “offensive,” is ultimately unconvincing and woefully shortsighted (Claim). This is because Bok neglects to consider how racist forms of expression also have the potential to inflict real psychological damage to those targeted (Reasons or justification). His failure to consider this traumatic dimension of racist speech thus radically undermines his credibility as an author.
Kristofs essay, although entertaining and thought-provoking, failed to convince me of his proposal for two reasons. Firstly, his arguments use of humor overwhelms his essay to such an extent that it undermines his arguments seriousness. Secondly, he fails to fully explain why alternative solutions, such as use of contraceptives, would not be effective as bringing back hunting.
Outline Schema:
Introduction
Overview of the article to be analyzed (author, title, publication)
Overview of the analysis thematic focus (gun control, violence in media, types of punishment, etc.)
Statement of thesis/argument
Summary of article
Should be no more than ½ page or one paragraph
Should summarize main point and supporting points only
“Before beginning my analysis, it is important to summarize Xs argument…”
Body Paragraphs
Each paragraph should focus on a particular logical dimension or rhetorical aspect of the essays argument
**Use citation from text as evidence to support your analysis**
Begin with strong points first, if you choose to do so
Conclude body of analysis with a thorough focus on what you find problematic, unconvincing, and/or appealing about your essay.
Remember to always back up your claim with a reason (“I think Z, because of X and Y)
Use strong topic sentences to help guide readers through the main ideas of your analysis/evaluation.
Conclusion
Should reiterate thesis statement
Might indicate why your agreement/disagreement is important in a larger argumentative context
Paper #3: An Analysis of an Argument
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