23 Jul EXPLAIN HOW THIS IS POSSIBLE. USING NORMAL VALUES FOR CARDIAC OUTPUT HEART RATE
Read each questio Show more (For each question sources cited must be from peer-reviewed journals) 1. Read each question carefully and answer completely. a. (2 points) Which type of motor unit(s) (Slow non-fatigueable or fast fatigueable) is recruited during the generation of the weakest forces; the strongest forces? Explain. b. (2 points) Under normal conditions a single muscle cell receiving a high frequency of action potentials from a single motor neuron will generate unfused tetani. How could a whole muscle provide smooth (non-twitchy) movements if unfused tetani were occurring in each of its muscle cells? 2. While sitting in class you realize that on some days your hand fatigues more quickly from taking notes in class than on other days. Explain what (physiological) type of muscle(s) is active on these different occasions and why they would fatigue at different rates. Remember to cite your sources. (2 points) 3. Training induces a number of changes within skeletal muscle that are specific to the type of training that is done. Describe the changes that could occur in skeletal muscle if an individual were undertaking an aerobic type of workout and if another individual were undertaking an anaerobic workout. (2 points) 4. All individuals regardless of fitness level require a resting cardiac output of approximately 5 L/min. Average Joe a relatively inactive college student has an average resting heart rate of 72 bpm while super Simon an elite marathon runner has an average resting heart rate of 48 bpm. Calculate the stroke volume at rest for both Joe and Simon. (2 points) 5. Referring back to question 3 both Simon and Joe undergo an exercise stress test at their schools human performance lab. During the test each individuals heart rate is monitored as they perform exercise to the point of exhaustion. At the peak power output before exhaustion both Joe and Simons maximum heart rate reaches 195 bpm. Calculate each individuals peak cardiac output assuming that their stroke volumes are the same as at rest. What does this mean to the overall health of each individual? Remember to cite your sources. (4 points) 6. Miguel Induran (a former world class cyclist) is reported to have a resting heart rate of 29 beats per minute. Explain how this is possible. Using normal values for cardiac output heart rate etc. determine what the stroke volume would be for this cyclist at rest and what his cardiac output should be at exercising heart rates. (2 points) 7. Briefly explain the concept of Circulatory Shock. Produce a flow chart showing how the circulatory and renal systems compensate for the Nonprogressive form of shock. (4 points) Show less
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