homework

27 Jun homework

Question
WRITTEN

1) WHATPOSSIBLEGAMETESCANBEMADEFROMTHEFOLLOWINGGENETICPROFILES?
a. AaBbCCDdEE

b. Aabbccddee

2) Giventhatthefollowinggenotypicmarkersandtheircorrespondingphenotypes:

a. makea Punnett squaretoshowtheresultinggenotypesofthecrossbelow.

b. givethe%occurrence ofthedifferentphenotypes.

A=blackhaira=redhair

B=browneyesb=violeteyes

C=over5’11″inheight

c=lessthan5’2″inheightD=detached earlobe

d=attachedearlobeE=widowspeek

e=nowidowspeek

AaBbCCDdEEXaabbccddee

3) DISCUSSWHATWOULDHAPPENTOTHECELLCYCLEIFTHECELL COULDNOTPOLYMERIZETHE TUBULINSUBUNITS.
4) Drawthegeneticmaptoscale(1mm=1%)forthefollowinggenes(A,B,C,D)foundonthesamechromosome,usingtheprovidedpercent recombination.

A

0

19%

.gif”>

5%

21%

B

0

14%

2%

c

0

16%

D

0

A

B

c

D

1. Whichofthe followingorganismsdoesNOTreproducecellsbymitosisandcytokinesis?

A) cow

B) bacterium

C) mushroom

D) cockroach

E) bananatree

2.

1

Ifthere are12chromosomesinan animalcellin theG stageofthecellcyclewhat isthe
diploidnumberofchromosomesforthisorganism?

A)

6

B)

12

C)

24

D)

36

E)

48

3. .gif”>How dothedaughtercellsattheendofmitosisandcytokinesiscomparewiththeirparent cellswhenitwas inG,ofthecell cycle?

A) The daughtercellshavehalftheamountofcytoplasm andhalfthe amountofDNA.

B) The daughtercellshavehalfthe numberofchromosomesand halftheamountofDNA.

C) The daughtercellshavethe samenumberofchromosomesand halftheamountofDNA.

D) The daughtercellshavethe same numberofchromosomesandthe same amountofDNA.

E) The daughtercellshavethe same numberofchromosomesandtwicetheamountofDNA.

4. Cellsthathavestopped dividingandaredifferentiatingare

A) cancercells.

B) inthe Gphaseofthecellcycle.

2

C) in theG

1

phaseofthecellcycle

D) inthe Sphaseofthecellcycle.

E) inthe Mphaseofthecellcycle.

Thequestionsbelowconsistoffivephrases orsentencesconcernedwiththecellcycle.Foreach phraseorsentence,selecttheanswerJetterfrom belowthatismostclosely relatedtoit.Eachanswermaybeusedonce, morethanonce, ornotatall.

A) G
0

B) G,
C) S

D)
2

G
E) M

5. The “restrictionpoint»occurshere.

6. Theshortest partofthecellcycle.

7. Chromosomesareduplicatedduringthisphase.

.jpg”>

Thequestionsbelowrefertothefollowing terms. Each termmaybeusedonce,morethanonce,ornotatall.

A. telophase.

B. anaphase.

C. prometaphase.

D. metaphase.

E. prophase.

8. Centriolesbegintomoveapartintheanimalcells.

9. Twocentrosomesarearrangedat oppositepolesofthe cell.

10. Centromeresuncouple,sisterchromatidsareseparated,andthetwonewchromosomesmoveto

oppositepolesofthecell.

11. Ifcellsintheprocessofdividing aresubjectedtocolchicine,a drugthatinterfereswiththe functioningofthespindleapparatus,at whichstagewillmitosisbearrested?

12. Thecentromereisaregioninwhich

A) chromatidsareattachedtooneanother.

B) metaphasechromosomesbecomealigned.

C) chromosomesaregroupedduringtelophase.

D) thenucleus islocatedpriortomitosis.

E) newspindlemicrotubulesform.

13. Allofthefollowing arecharacteristicoftelophaseofmitosisEXCEPT:

A) Cytokinesisbegins.

B) Eachchromosomeismadeoftwochromatids.

C) Thenuclearenvelopereappears.

0) Chromosomesbegintouncoil.

E) Astralmicrotubulesdisappear.

14. Acellcontaining92chromatidsatthestartofmitosiswould,atitscompletion,produce cellscontaininghow manychromosomes?

A) 12

B) 16C)230)46

E)92
15. Ifthere are20centromeresinacell,how manychromosomesarethere?

A) 106)20

C)30

0)40
E)80
16. InherearetwelvecentromeresinacellinG1ofthecellcycle,whatisthediploidnumber ofchromosomes?

A) 6
8)12

C)24
0)36

E)48

17. .gif”>AllofthefollowingoccurduringthelatterstagesofmitoticprophaseEXCEPT:

A) The centriolesmoveapart.

B) Thenucleolus disintegrates.

C) Thenuclear envelopedisappears.

D) Chromosomes areduplicated.

E) Thespindleisorganized.

18. Ifthehaploidnumberforaspecies is3,eachdividingdiploidcellwillhavehowmanychromatidsatmetaphase?

A) 3 8)6

C)9

0)12

E)18

19. AllofthefollowingoccurduringmitosisEXCEPT:

A) thecoilingofchromosomes.

B) .gif”>thedivisionofcentromeres.

C) the formationofaspindle.

D) thesynthesisofDNA.

E) thedegradationofthenuclear envelope.

20. Howmany chromosomeswillacell haveduringmitoticanaphaseifthediploidchromosomenumberis4?

A) 1

B)2

C)4

D) 8
E) 16

21. Recentresearchhasindicated thatcancercells

A) transformnormal cellsbyalteringgenesinvolvedinthecontrolofmitosis.

B) alwaysdevelopintoatumor.

C)containmorethanthenormalnumber of chromosomes.

D) areunable tocompletethecellcycle aftertheSphase.

E) enterandexittheGo phasethree timesbeforetheydivide.

22. Acellwith20chromosomes(diploidnumber)goesthroughthecellcycle. Thenumber of chromosomesafterdoublingtheDNAintheSphaseis

.gif”>A)20.

8)40.

C)10.

D) calledtheSnumberofchromosomes.

E) calledhaploid.

23. TaxolisananticancerdrugextractedfromthePacificyewtree.Inanimalcells, Taxoldisruptsmicrotubuleformationbybindingtomicrotubulesandacceleratingtheirassemblyfrom theproteinprecursor, tubulin.Surprisingly,thisstopsmitosis.Specifically,Taxolmustaffect

A) thefibersofthemitoticspindle.

B) anaphase.

C)formationofthecentrioles.

D) chromatidassembly.

E) theSphaseofthecellcycle.

24. Acellisjust beginningtheSphase ofthecellcycle.Itisfusedtoacellinmetaphaseofmitosis.Whichofthefollowing bestdescribeswhatwouldhappentothenucleus ofthefirstcells?

A) ItwouldstopDNAsynthesisandimmediatelydivide,withessentiallynoG

2

B) ItwouldcontinuetocompleteS,haveashortG,andthendivide.

2

C) Itwould stopDNA synthesis,undergoarelativelynormalG,and then divide.

2

D) Itwouldcontinue tocompleteS,have anormalG,andthendivide.

2

E) ItwouldimmediatelystopSandenterG

0

25. “Density-dependentinhibitionuis explainedbywhichofthefollowing:

A) Ascellsbecomemorenumerous,they beingtosqueeze againsteachother,restrictingtheirsizeand abilitytoproduce controlfactors.

B) Ascellsbecomemorenumerous,theamountofrequiredgrowthfactorsandnutrientsper cellbecomesinsufficienttoallowforcellgrowth.

C) Ascellsbecomemorenumerous,theprotein kinasestheyproducebegintocompetewitheach other, suchthattheprotein producedbyonecellessentially cancelthoseproducedbyits neighbor.

D) Ascellsbecomemorenumerous,moreandmoreofthementerG•

0

E) Ascellsbecomemore numerous,thelevelofwaste productsincreases,eventuallyslowingdownmetabolism.

26. Thedrugchloralhydratepreventselongationofmicrotubulesbypreventingthe additionofnewsubunitstothegrowingend. Duringwhichstageof mitosiswouldchloralhydratebemostharmful?

A) .gif”>prophase.

B) metaphase.

C) anaphase.

D) telophase.

27. Movementofthechromosomesduringanaphasewouldbemostaffected bya drugthat

A) reducedcyclin concentrations.

B) increasedcyclin concentrations.

C) preventedelongationofmicrotubules.

D) preventedshorteningofmicrotubules.

E) preventedattachmentofthemicrotubulestothekinetochore.

28. The phasesofmeiosisthatcausethemostvariation inthefourresulting daughtercellsare

A) prophaseIandtelophaseII.

B) prophaseIIandanaphaseII.

C) metaphaseIandtelophaseII.

D) anaphaseIandprophaseII.

E) prophaseIandanaphaseI.

29. Ifthelivercellsofananimalhave24chromosomes,thespermcells wouldhavehowmanychromosomes.

A) 12
8)24

C)48
D) twicethediploidnumber.

E) halfthehaploidnumber.

30. Whichofthefollowingeventsoccurs duringprophaseIofmeiosis?

A) reductioninchromosomenumber.

B) segregationofalleles ofunlinkedgenes.

C) synapsisandcrossingover.

D) duplicationofchromatids.

E) segregationofalleles oflinkedgenes.

31. .gif”>How doesthesexuallifecycleincreasethegeneticvariationinaspecies?:

A) by producinggameteswithdifferent combinationsofparental chromosomes.

B) by allowingthecombinationofchromosomesfromtwodifferentindividuals.

C) by allowingrecombination ofalleleson achromosome

D) Both AandBarecorrect.

E) A,B, andCarecorrect.

32. .gif”>Whichofthefollowingistrueofaspecies thathasachromosome numberof2n=16?

A) The species isdiploidwith32chromosomes.

B) The specieshas16differenttypes ofchromosomes.

C)Thereare16homologouspairs.

D) DuringtheSphaseofthe cell cycletherewillbe32separate chromosomes.

E) Agametefromthisspecieshas8chromosomes.

33. Any geneticdifferencesinacloneareduetowhichprocess?

A) independentassortment.

B) mutation.

C) crossingover.

D) recombination.

E) synapsis.

34. WhichofthefollowingisFALSEincomparingprophaseIofmeiosisandprophase ofmitosis?

A) The chromosomescondenseinboth.

B) Tetradsforminboth.

C)The nuclearenvelopedisassemblesinboth.

D) Aspindleforms inboth.

E) Eachchromosomehastwochromatids inboth.

35. Inagivenorganism,howdocellsatthecompletionofmeiosiscomparewithcellsthatarejustabouttobeginmeiosis?

A) Theyhavetwicetheamountofcytoplasm andhalftheamountof DNA

B) They have halfthenumber ofchromosomesandhalftheamountofDNA.

C)TheyhavethesamenumberofchromosomesandhalftheamountofDNA.

D) Theyhavehalfthenumberofchromosomesandone-fourththeamount ofDNA.

E) Theyhavehalftheamount ofcytoplasmandtwicethe amountofDNA.

36. Whatisakaryotype?

A) the phenotypeofanindividual.

B) the genotypeofanindividual.

C) a uniquecombination ofchromosomesfound inagamete

D) the kind ofnucleusacellhas.

E) amethodoforganizingthehomologouschromosomesofacellinrelationtotheirnumber,sizeand type.

Refertothedrawingofasinglepairofhomologouschromosomesastheymightappear duringvariousstagesofeffher mitosisormeiosis, andanswerthefollowingquestions.

.jpg”>.jpg”> I I

.jpg”> .jpg”> .jpg”>
37. Whichdiagramrepresentslateprophase Iofmeiosis?

A) I 8)II C)Ill D)IV E)V

.jpg”>

38. .gif”>Acouple whoareboth carriersforthegeneforcysticfibrosishavetwo children whohavecysticfibrosis. Whatistheprobabilitythattheirnextchildwillhavecystic fibrosis.

A) 0%B)25%C)50%D)75%

E)100%

Usethefollowinginformationtoanswerthequestions below. AwomanwhobelongstobloodgroupAandis RhpositivehasadaughterwhoisOpositive andasonwhoisBnegative. Rhpositive(RR)is a

simpledominantoverRhnegative (ff).

39. Whichofthefollowingisapossiblegenotype fortheson?
BB

A) IIrr

88

B) IIRR
8

C) IiRr
8

D) Iirr
88

E)11Rr

40. In crossingahomozygousrecessivewithaheterozygote,whatisthechance ofgettinganoffspringwithahomozygousrecessive phenotype?
A) 0% B)25%C)50% D)75%E)100%

41. Blackfurinmice(8)isdominanttobrownfur(b).Shorttailsmisdominanttolongtails(t).

Whatproportionoftheprogeny ofthecrossBbTtxBBttwillhaveblackfurandlongtails?

A)1/16B)3/16C)6/16D)8/16E)9/16

Useofthefollowingkeytoanswerthefollowing questions. Each answermaybeusedonce,morethanonce,ornotatall.

A. Thestatementistrueformitosisonly.

B. ThestatementistrueformeiosisIonly.

C. ThestatementistrueformeiosisIIonly.

D. Thestatementistrueformitosisand meiosisI.

E. Thestatementistruefor mitosisandmeiosisII.

42. Homologouschromosomessynapse andcrossingoveroccurs.
43. Thisoccurswhenacelldividestoformtwocells thataregeneticallyidentical. 44. Centromeresuncoupleandchromatidsareseparatedfromeachother.

45. Crossingoveroccursduringwhichphaseofmeiosis?

A) prophaseI

B) anaphaseI

C) telophase I

D) prophaseII

E) metaphaseII

46. .gif”>Whichofthefollowingisthetennforahumancellthatcontains 22pairsof autosomesandtwoXchromosomes.

A) anunfertilizedeggcell.

8)aspenncell

C) a malesomaticcell

D) afemalesomatic cell

E)BothAandDarecorrect.

47. Peoplewhohaveredhair usuallyhavefreckles.Thiscanbestbeexplainedby

A) linkage.

8)reciprocaltranslocation.

C) independentassortment.

D) .gif”>sex-influencedinheritance.

E)nondisjunction.

48. AmanwhocarriesanX-linkedallele willpassitonto

A) allofhisdaughters.

B) halfofhisdaughters.

C) allofhissons.

D) halfofhissons.

E)allofhischildren.

49. Whatdoallhumanmalesinheritfrom theirmother?

A) mitochondrialDNA

8)Xchromosome

C) male-patternbaldnesstrait

D) OnlyAandBarecorrect

E)A,B,andCarecorrect.

50. Basedonthefollowingisamapoffourgenesonachromosome,whichgeneswouldbetransferredtogether mostoften?

A w E G

.gif”>5 I 3 12

A) AandW
8) WandE

C) EandG

D) AandE

E) AandG