21 Jun IDENTIFY TWO DISEASES COMMON AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN.
Case Studies AFRICAN AMERICAN CASE STUDY #1 Robert Collins is a 49-year-old African American. He resides in the inner city of Detroit, Michigan, with his extended family. He has a 43-year-old wife and five children, aged 26, 18, 16, 14, and 10. His wife, his elderly mother, three of his children (aged 16, 14, and 10), two grandchildren, and his sick sister-in-law represent the household membership. Mr. Collins completed the 11th grade and maintains employment in a steel factory. Although he works more than 40 hours a week, his income places him at the poverty level. He cannot afford to purchase health insurance. Mr. Collins’s 18-year-old daughter, Chloe, is pregnant for the third time and is a single parent. Mr. Collins is caring for her other two children. Chloe is going to night school to complete her high school education. The Collins family goes to church every Sunday and is actively involved in the church. Mrs. Collins was diagnosed with cancer, and she is receiving spiritual healing from her pastor and church for this illness. Mr. Collins is extremely concerned about his wife’s health and has increased his tobacco use. Study Questions 1. Name one occupation-related disease for which Mr. Collins is at risk. 2. Identify one family member who is likely to be caring for the younger children in the family. 3. Describe three cultural beliefs that Chloe may have regarding her pregnancy. 4. Discuss the role of spirituality in this family. 5. Identify two religious or spiritual practices in which Mrs. Collins may be engaging. 6. Because Mrs. Collins has cancer, discuss possible cultural thoughts she may have regarding death and dying. 7. Identify two diseases common among African American men. 8. Identify the high school dropout rate among African American teens in the inner city. 9. Name one tobacco-related disease found in the African American population. 10. Name two dietary health risks for African Americans. 11. Identify five characteristics to consider when assessing the skin of African American clients. 12. Name two skin conditions common among African Americans. AFRICAN AMERICAN CASE STUDY #2 Mr. and Mrs. Evans are an African American couple who retired from the school system last year. Both are 65 years of age and reside on 20 acres of land in a large rural community approximately 5 miles from a Superfund site and 20 miles from two chemical plants. Their household consists of their two daughters, Anna, aged 40 years, and Dorothy, aged 42 years; their grandchildren, aged 25, 20, 19, and 18; and their 2- year-old great-grandson. Anna and Dorothy and their children all attended the university. Mr. Evans’s mother and three of his nieces and nephews live next door. Mr. Evans’s mother has brothers, sisters, other sons and daughters, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren who live across the road on 10 acres of land. Other immediate and extended family live on the 80 acres adjacent to Mr. Evans’s mother. All members of the Evans family own the land on which they live. Mrs. Evans has siblings and extended family living on 70 acres of land adjacent to Mr. Evans’s family, who live across the road. Mr. and Mrs. Evans also have family living in Chicago, Detroit, New York, San Francisco, and Houston. Once a year, the families come together for a reunion. Every other month, local family members come together for a social hour. The family believes in strict discipline with lots of love. It is common to see adult members of the family discipline the younger children, regardless of who the parents are. Mr. Evans has hypertension and diabetes. Mrs. Evans has hypertension. Both are on medication. Their daughter Dorothy is bipolar and is on medication. Within the last 5 years, Mr. Evans has had several relatives diagnosed with lung cancer and colon cancer. One of his maternal uncles died last year from lung cancer. Mrs. Evans has indicated on her driver’s license that she is an organ donor. Sources of income for Mr. and Mrs. Evans are their pensions from the school system and Social Security. Dorothy receives SSI because she is unable to work any longer. Mr. Evans and his brothers must assume responsibility for their mother’s medical bills and medication. Although she has Medicare parts A and B, many of her expenses are not covered. Mr. and Mrs. Evans, all members of their household, and all other extended family in the community attend a large Baptist church in the city. Several family members, including Mr. and Mrs. Evans, sing in the choir, are members of the usher board, teach Bible classes, and do community ministry. Study Questions 1. Describe the organizational structure of this family and identify strengths and limitations of this family structure. 2. Describe and give examples of what you believe to be the family’s values about education. 3. Discuss this family’s views about child rearing. 4. Discuss the role that spirituality plays in this family. 5. Identify two religious or spiritual practices in which members of the Evans family may engage for treating hypertension, diabetes, and mental illness. 6. Identify and discuss cultural views that Dorothy and her parents may have about mental illness and medication. 7. To what extent are members of the Evans family at risk for illnesses associated with environmental hazards? 8. Susan has decided to become an organ donor. Describe how you think the Evans family will respond to her decision. 9. Discuss views that African Americans have about advanced directives. 10. Name two dietary health risks for African Americans. 11. Identify five characteristics to consider when assessing the skin of African Americans. 12. Describe two taboo views that African Americans may have about pregnancy. AMISH CASE STUDY Elmer and Mary Miller, both 35 years old, live with their five children in the main house on the family farmstead in one of the largest Amish settlements in Indiana. Aaron and Annie Schlabach, aged 68 and 70, live in the attached grandparents’ cottage. Mary is the youngest of their eight children, and when she married, she and Elmer moved into the grandparents’ cottage with the intention that Elmer would take over the farm when Aaron wanted to retire. Eight years ago, they traded living space. Now, Aaron continues to help with the farm work, despite increasing pain in his hip, which the doctor advises should be replaced. Most of Mary’s and Elmer’s siblings live in the area, though not in the same church district or settlement. Two of Elmer’s brothers and their families recently moved to Tennessee, where farms are less expensive and where they are helping to start a new church district. Mary and Elmer’s fifth child, Melvin, was born 6 weeks prematurely and is 1 month old. Sarah, aged 13, Martin, aged 12, and Wayne, aged 8, attend the Amish elementary school located 1 mile from their home. Lucille, aged 4, is staying with Mary’s sister and her family for a week because baby Melvin has been having respiratory problems and their physician told the family he will need to be hospitalized if he does not get better within 2 days. At the doctor’s office, Mary suggested to one nurse, who often talks with Mary about “Amish ways,” that Menno Martin, an Amish man who “gives treatments,” may be able to help. He uses “warm hands” to treat people and is especially good with babies because he can feel what is wrong. The nurse noticed that Mary carefully placed the baby on a pillow as she prepared to leave. Elmer and Mary do not carry any health insurance and are concerned about paying the doctor and hospital bills associated with this complicated pregnancy. In addition, they have an appointment for Wayne to be seen at Riley Children’s Hospital, 3 hours away at the University Medical Center in Indianapolis, for a recurring cyst located behind his left ear. Plans are being made for a driver to take Mary, Elmer, Wayne, Aaron, Annie, and two of Mary’s sisters to Indianapolis for the appointment. Because it is on the way, they plan to stop in Fort Wayne to see an Amish healer who gives nutritional advice and does “treatments.” Aaron, Annie, and Elmer have been there before, and the other women are considering having treatments, too
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