12 Jun Lab 12 Model Ecosystems Lab Activity
Pre Lab Questions:
1. What is the ultimate source of energy for all organisms on this planet?
2. List the biomes of the Earth.
3. What biome do we live in here in Philadelphia?
4. What attributes define a biome?
Click on the link below to access the online lab.
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/virtual_labs_2K8/pages/ModelEcosystems.html
Download and print the instructions for reference as you work through the lab. As you work
through the lab fill in the table below. Use this information to answer the questions that follow
contained in this document.
5. Complete all five ecosystems and record your data in Table 1. The different ecosystems are
listed across the top. Fill in the data for each trophic level for each ecosystem. For the numbers
click on the [Pyramid of Numbers] button. Next click on the [Pyramid of Energy] button.
Calculate the Energy Conversion Efficiency Ratio (ECE) by dividing the higher trophic level
energy by the energy one trophic level down.
List the organisms by name. Provide the number of organisms present. Provide the amount of
energy present. Calculate the ECE value. This value will be a decimal value. There is no ECE
calculation for producers as you would have to divide the producer energy by the amount of
energy provided by the sun. We don’t have that value. I have done the first column for you. 🙂
If you have any organisms out of place in the pyramid you will not be able to get the numbers
you need to complete the calculations. You need to move the various organisms to their correct
positions in order to continue.
Producers
Organisms
Present
Energy:
Numbers:
First Order
Heterotrophs
Organisms
Present
Energy:
Numbers:
E.C.E.*:
Second Order
Heterotrophs
Organisms
Present
Energy:
Numbers:
Deciduous
Forest
Deciduous
trees
ferns
wildflowers
berry bushes
Grasses
6011
7996
Chipmunks
Chikadees
Insects
Rabbits
Deer
623
4559
.103 (A)
Snakes
Woodpeckers
Opossum
Fox
Owls
Toads
Frogs
61
1418
Table 1
Hot Desert
Grassland
Antarctic
Freshwater
Ocean Shore Lake
E.C.E.*:
.097 (B)
Wolves
Third Order
Heterotrophs Hawks
Organisms
Present
Energy:
6
Numbers:
50
E.C.E.*:
.098 (C)
Just so you know exactly how to calculate the ECE
A = 623/6011 = .103
B = 61/623 = .097
C = 6/61 = .098
Post Lab Questions
6. What is the relationship of numbers to energy as you go up the trophic levels?
7. From the ecosystems you studied in this lab, which one is the most efficient? Explain how
you determined your answer.
8. What would happen to an ecosystem without decomposers?
9. From the ecosystems you studied in this lab, which one is the most productive? (This cannot be
the same as question 7) Explain how you determined your answer.
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