13 Jun MitosisinAnimalandPlantCells – Observe the prepared slide of the whitefishblastula
Question
MitosisandMeiosis
Version42-0094-00-01
LAB REPORTASSISTANT
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OBSERVATIONS
Exercise 1: MitosisinAnimalandPlantCells
PROCEDURE
1. Observe the prepared slide of the whitefishblastula under the microscope.
2. Drawcells thatrepresentthevarious stagesofmitosis:Interphase, Prophase,Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Place your drawings here:
3. Foreachdrawing,labelthepartsofthecellsthatyoucanidentify suchasthenuclear membrane,chromosomes,cellular membrane,cytoplasm,spindlefibers, chromatids, cleavagefurrowformation duringCytokinesis, andcentrioles.Itisunlikelythatyouwillfind all of these structures. Why?
4. Observe the slide of the onion root tipunder the microscope.
5. Drawcellsthatrepresentthevarious stagesofmitosis:Interphase, Prophase,Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. Place your drawings here:
6. Label thepartsofthecells thatyoucanidentifysuchasthenuclear membrane,chromosomes, cellularmembrane,cytoplasm,spindle fibers, chromatids, cellwallformationregion,and centrioles. It it is unlikely that you will findall of these structures. Why?
RESULTS
Forboththewhitefish andtheonion,whatisthe2nnumberofchromosomesthatwereobserved?
Hint:separate chromosomes are easiest to view and count during Prometaphase.
QUESTIONS
A. What is the purpose of mitosis?
B. What other term is commonly used in place of “mitosis”?
C. What is a blastula?
D. What are the differencesin the mitoticprocesses between animal and plant cells?
E. Whymighttherebemoremitoticdivisioninanonionroottipthaninotherareasoftheplant?
F. Asummaryofmitosis–fillinthecorrectanswer.Thenucleusintheundivided cellhasthe diploid(2n)numberofchromosomes,andthenuclei inthetwosplitcellsalsohave numberofchromosomes.Inmitosis,thechromosomenumber(checkthecorrectchoice) stays thesameor halves.
Exercise 2: MeiosisinAnimals
QUESTIONS
A. Which organ, the ovary or the testes, contained the greater number of gametes? B. What may be a reason for this?
Exercise 3: SimulatingMeiosis
QUESTIONS
A. What does mitosis accomplish?
B. When and where does mitosis occur?
C. What does meiosis accomplish?
D. When and where does meiosis occur?
E. How do these two processes differ?
F. How do Prophase in Mitosis and Prophase I in Meiosis differ?
G. Does Meiosis occur anywhere else in the body beside within the gonads?
H. Howdoesmeiosis conferadvantagestoanorganism whencomparedtoasexualreproduction such as budding?
I. How might crossing-over be a benefit to an organism?
J. How might crossing-over be detrimental to an organism?
K. Crossing over can also occur during mitosis where chromosomes exchange segments. Is crossingover more advantageoustoorganismsurvivalifitoccurs duringmitosisor meiosis? Explain.
LABORATORYSUMMARY
What have you learned from doing this laboratory?
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