MUC BIO102 all assignments and labs

09 Jun MUC BIO102 all assignments and labs

Question
Submission Format:

For each lab assignment follow the instructions in the Lab Manual provided in under Course Content . You will find answer sheet Word documents for each lab in under Course Content (same questions as those in the lab manual). Type your answers directly in these documents. You will have to read and refer back to the required reading in the OLI modules. Once your lab is completed, save your document as “BIOL102 firstname lastname lab #.doc” (example”BIOL102 Mary Doe lab1.doc”), and submit your assignment document in the Assignment Folder.

Your collected data should be presented as specified in the laboratory manual and may be in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams, or narratives. You should be prepared to provide the images of graphs, diagrams, or sketches in the lab documents or as attachments with the documents. You can photograph or scan any images and embed them into your lab document. If you have any issues with graphics created within software packages, you can capture screen images. On the Macintosh use Command-Shift-4 to capture a portion of the screen; the image will be saved to the desktop. On IBM-PC clones (the PC), use CTRL-ALT-PrstScrn to capture an image into the memory and then paste it into the lab document.

Each laboratory assignment must be submitted no later than 11.59 PM ET on the due date listed in the Course Schedule.

Lab 1: Introduction to Science

The scientific method will be introduced using problems that can be related to everyday life. Students will work through laboratory exercises in order to gain an understanding of the process of scientific inquiry. Complete both activities.

Time: 1 hour

Concepts to explore: Testable observations, Hypothesis, Null hypothesis, Experimental approach, Variables, Controls

Experiments: This lab includes several critical thinking exercises that test student knowledge of the scientific method.

Exercise 1: Data Interpretation

Exercise 2: Experimental Variables

Exercise 3: Testable Observations

Exercise 4: Conversion

Exercise 5: Accuracy and Precision

Exercise 6: Significant Digits and Scientific Notation

No lab kit materials are required. You do not have to wait for the lab kit to complete this lab.

Lab 2: Chemistry of Life

Basic properties of the chemistry that underlies biology are explored in this lab. Students will determine the presence of biological macromolecules such as proteins and carbohydrates using reagents that change color in their presence.

Time: 2 1/2 hours

Additional materials needed:

· Experiment 1: egg white, hot water, tap water.

· Experiment 2: fork, knife, potato, onion, hot water bath, tap water.

· Experiment 3: four liquid household products to test (for example: lemon juice, shampoo).

Concepts to explore: Atoms, Elements, Compounds, Chemical bonds, Acids and Bases, Molecules/Macromolecules, Energy and metabolism, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids.

Experiments:

Experiment 1: Testing for Proteins

· Students use the Biuret reagent to test for the presence of protein in egg white, gelatin, a glucose solution and water. Biuret reagent is normally blue but changes to pink when short peptides are present and to violet when longer polypeptides are present.

Experiment 2: Testing for Reducing Sugars

· Students use Benedict’s Reagent to test for reducing sugars such as glucose. When glucose reacts with copper present in the Benedict’s reagent an orange or red colored precipitate is formed.

Experiment 3: What Household Products are Acidic or Basic?

· Students will measure the pH of two provided solutions and four household products of their choice.

Lab 3: Cells Structure and Function

The structure and function of cells will be investigated. The properties of cellular membranes will also be studied, paying special attention to the selective passage of molecules in and out of living cells.

Time: 2 hours

Additional materials needed: scissors, paper towels, tap water.

Concepts to explore: What is a cell? Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, Cell structure, Function of cell structures

Experiments

Experiment 1: Identifying Cell Structures

· Students identify and label parts of the cell.

Experiment 2: Direction and Concentration Gradients

· Students use sucrose and dialysis tubing to develop and explore the effect of solute concentration on osmosis.

Lab 4: Enzymes

The properties of the enzymes are investigated in these experiments. Students will explore factors that can affect enzymatic activity.

Time: 90 minutes

Additional materials needed: cutting board, 2 food products, kitchen knife, paper towels, saliva sample, hot water bath, tap water.

Concepts to explore: Enzymes, Selectivity, Catalysts, Activation energy, Activation site, Reaction sites, Activators, Inhibitors

Experiments

Experiment 1: Enzymes in Food

· Students investigate the presence of amylase in food using potassium iodide, a starch indicator. This indicator turns dark purple or black when starch is present.

Experiment 2: Effect of temperature on Enzyme Activity

· Students study the effect of temperature on the enzyme catalase.

Lab 5: Meiosis

This laboratory exercise explores the events of meiosis. Specifically, students will investigate how chromosomes change as they move through the stages of meiosis.

Time: 2 hours

Additional materials needed: computer and internet access.

Concepts to explore: Meiosis, Diploid cells, Haploid cells, Chromosomal crossover

Experiments

Experiment 1: Following Chromosomal DNA Movement

· Students use Pop-It beads to simulate the movement of chromosomes through the stages of meiosis.

Experiment 2: The Importance of Cell Cycle Control

· Differences between normal, controlled cell growth will be compared to abnormal uncontrolled cell growth. Karyotypic differences will be observed.

Lab 6: Taxonomy

The concept of taxonomy will be explored in this lab.

Time: 90 minutes

Additional materials needed: none.

Concepts to explore: Taxonomy, Linnaean system, Binomial nomenclature, Taxonomic vs. phylogenetic classifications

Experiments

Experiment 1: Dichotomous Key Practice

Experiment 2: Classification of Organisms

· Students use a decision tree to determine the kingdom of several organisms.

Lab 7: Ecological Interactions

Many factors contribute to whether an organism can thrive in a given environment. Each species has a range of tolerance that can determine whether the species is commonly observed or only observed rarely and under very specific environmental conditions. In this lab, you will explore one of the factors that impacts survival of living organisms: the acidity or alkalinity of soil and water.

Time: 1 hour plus 7 days for observation.

IMPORTANT: Seven (7) days of plant growth are needed to complete this experiment.

Additional materials needed: paper towels, scissors, sunny location, tap water.

Concepts to explore: Environmental impact on a living organism

Experiments

Experiment 1: Effects of pH on radish seed germination

· Students measure acidity and alkalinity of soil to determine the range of pH tolerance for the seed.

Grading:

· To obtain full credit you need to answer all questions in your own words and in full sentences, and demonstrate that you have completed and understood the laboratory exercise(s)/experiment(s) and the underlying biological concepts. Most lab assignments have several exercises/experiments, unless otherwise stated, you need to complete all parts of each lab assignment. If you get unexpected results, discuss and provide a possible explanation.

· Points will be subtracted for poor English, including more than a few spelling and grammatical errors.

· When applicable, points will be subtracted for missing references.

Late Submission Policy:10% will be subtracted for each day a lab assignment is submitted late up until 3 days past the due date, unless you have contacted the professor before the submission deadline and received an extension. No assignment will be accepted after 3 days past the due date unless you received an extension.

Final Applied Lab Project

Addresses course outcomes 1-5:

· apply the scientific method to scientific investigations

· state a scientific hypothesis and design a basic experiment

· conduct an experiment, make observations, and collect data

· use knowledge of biological principles to correctly interpret qualitative and quantitative information

· use critical analysis to draw conclusions

This is the culminating assessment in BIOL 102. It is designed to assess your ability to apply the principles of the scientific method. For this project, you will complete the activity below. Make sure to address all points (questions) associated with the activity.

The Effect of low pH on Enzyme Activity

Design an experiment in which you will test the effect of anACIDICfluid on enzymatic activity. (Recall: enzymes are proteins.) To complete this project, it may be useful for you to review the Scientific Method Tutorial (found the Course Content section of the classroom under the Science Learning Center link) and the Scientific Method lab (Lab 1), so that you can better understand how to design an experiment. It may also be helpful for you to review your textbook and Lab 4 (Enzymes). As you review Lab 4, you will be reminded that there are several factors that impact enzymatic activity: pH, temperature, and amount of reagent. Feel free to refer to observations and information from Lab 4 as you complete the Final Applied Project (see the questions below). Or in other words, it is OK to use the same enzyme/substrate/method as you did in lab 4 (but modify the treatment), or you can search on-line to find a different enzyme/substrate/method for measuring enzyme activity.

You willNOTbe doing an experiment where you are testing the effect ofTEMPERATURE.If you do, you will receive a grade of 0. Read this assignment carefully.

As you design your experiment for this project, please remember that you are trying to examine how anACIDICfluid will modify the outcome of an enzymatic reaction. To successfully complete this project, you will need to identify the question(s) being asked in your experiment and the hypothesis that you are testing. In your experimental design, you must clearly explain what you are doing. That means that you will need to identify the enzyme and the acid, as well as explain your experimental protocol (this information will help you to answer question 2). You must also thoroughly explain how the addition of the acidic fluid impacted the overall reaction process (this information will help you to answer question 4).

Hint:Keep in mind that the acid will change the environmental conditions of the experiment (for example, a low pH value could change the shape of the active site on the enzyme protein), without directly participating in the reaction.

You will need to do some background reading on your enzyme and enzymes in general. At least one reference needs to be cited in the introduction or 10 points will be deducted from you grade.

DO NOT DESIGN AN EXPERIMENT LOOKING AT THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE OR YOU WILL GET A 0 ON THIS ASSIGNMENT.

Lab Materials

Youmayneed all or some of the following, depending on your experimental design:

Materials from your lab kit:

· pH paper

· hydrogen peroxide solution (you can purchase this at a pharmacy if you have used up the bottle that came with the lab kit)

· plastic beakers or cups

· vinegar

· yeast (can be purchased at grocery store if you need more)

· balloons

· plastic bottle

· marker for labeling of beakers

You may choose to use additional materials (different acidic solutions and/or different organisms and/or different substrate(s) if you chose to look at an enzyme other than catalase).

Outline(2%) submit in assignment folder.

I suggest you include the following in your outline:

· Name of enzyme you will use, and source (organism)

· The substrate

· How you will measure enzyme activity (method)

· What type of treatment you will you; type of solution(s), pH, length of exposure, how you will treat your samples

· The control(s) in the experiment

· Sample size

· Maybe how you plan to present your data (table and/or type of graph)

· Anything else you would like to get feedback on before you start your experiment.

Final Applied Lab Project: write a paper that includes the following:

1. Title page: title, your name, course name, semester

2. Introduction: introduce your project; include needed background information (with a citation for at least one reference), the question(s) that you are asking and a clear hypothesis for your experiment.

3. Design an experiment. Provide a detailed account of the materials and methods used to conduct the experiment. Also include the methods for data collection and analysis.

4. Conduct the experiment and record your results. What did you observe? Present your data in table and/or graph. Remember to include the unit of measure.

5. Use your knowledge about enzymes and acids to interpret and discuss your results. It may be necessary for you to refer to your textbook and/or use other information resources. What effect does the acidic treatment have on the enzyme activity? Looking back, how could you have improved your experiment?

6. What is your conclusion? Was your hypothesis supported?

7. Cite all reference sources used (including text book) and provide a reference section with citations in APA format. Citations may be in various parts of the laboratory report but you MUST cite a reference in the introduction.

Submission

Submit your final applied lab project as an attached Word document in the assignment folder by the due date specified in the course schedule.