21 May ON WHAT BASIC PRECEPT IS THE SHAREHOLDER MODEL OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FOUNDED?
On what basic precept is the shareholder model of corporate governance founded?
a. The maximization of wealth for investors and owners
b. Everyone should contribute to social welfare
c. Supply and demand found in the marketplace
d. The customer is always right
e. The problem created when ownership and control are not separated
Q2. Which of the following statements best reflects a strategic approach to creating and maintaining an ethical corporate culture?
a. ‘Reducing unethical behavior is a business goal no different from increasing profits.’
b. ‘Our code of conduct is window-dressing.’
c. ‘Hiring and promoting good, ethical managers will automatically produce an ethical organization.’
d. ‘A decentralized approach to decision-making produces the most ethical corporate culture.’
e. ‘People are raised with strong personal values and should use them at work to resolve ethical conflict.’
Q3. About how many consumers said they would be likely to switch to brands associated with a good cause, if price and quality were equal?
a. Less than 5 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 40 percent
d. 50 percent
e. 80 percent
Q4. Toll-free hotlines that companies set up to give employees a place to report misconduct are associated with which aspect of ethics programs?
a. Communicating standards and procedures via ethics training programs
b. Consistently enforcing standards, codes, and punishments
c. Establishing systems to monitor and enforce ethical standards
d. Continuously improving the program
e. Establishing codes of conduct that are reasonably capable of detecting and preventing misconduct
Q5. A study of 330,000 employees found that ethical lapses in the workplace are most often caused by problems _______, rather than individual unethical behavior.
a. with bonus and commission structures
b. associated with quality and safety regulations
c. in the corporate culture, including corporate beliefs and value systems
d. with personal moral values
e. in finance and accounting
Q6. The Reactive-Defensive-Accommodative-Proactive Scale is best described by which of the following?
a. A scale that is used to rate a company’s overall efforts at developing and maintaining good relationships with its employees and suppliers
b. A method for assessing a company’s strategy and performance with one particular stakeholder
c. Another name for a social responsibility audit
d. A scale that determines the motivations businesses have for implementing social responsibility programs
e. A technique for firms to use in developing public relations strategies
Q7. An employee for Acme, Inc., has been asked to carry out an assignment that she believes is questionable. This situation can be classified as
a. a dilemma.
b. an ethical issue.
c. a violation of law.
d. ethical.
e. unethical.
Q8. Companies with less than 100 employees account for about ____ percent of total employment in the United States.
a. 40
b. 50
c. 10
d. 60
e. 70
Q9. Who establishes the ethical tone for the entire firm?
a. Employees
b. Ethics officer
c. Board of directors
d. Chief Executive Officer
e. Mid-level managers
Q10. Effective shareholder activism could include all of the following activities except
a. using grassroots campaigns, such as letter writing.
b. defacing company property.
c. attending annual meetings.
d. engaging in dialogue with management.
e. submitting shareholder resolutions.
Q11. Perhaps the strongest argument against high levels of compensation for CEOs is
a. the discrepancy between the highest paid executives and the median employee wages.
b. that the CEO has very little affect on the company’s performance.
c. that the CEO is usually just a figurehead, and the board of directors makes the decisions.
d. that the job is relatively simple because most duties are delegated to other managers.
e. the high turnover of executives throughout most large corporations.
Q12. Which of the following statements best describes the current trends in corporate governance?
a. Businesses are moving towards a stakeholder orientation with looser corporate governance.
b. Businesses are gravitating towards the stakeholder orientation because the costs involved are decreasing.
c. Most companies are already using a shareholder orientation with formal governance.
d. Companies are turning to a shareholder orientation with a more informal corporate governance system.
e. Forces are driving businesses toward the stakeholder orientation and more formal governance.
Q13. If employees believe that salary decisions are fair and consistent for all job categories, what type of justice exists?
a. Interactional
b. Distributive
c. Utilitary
d. Ethical
e. Procedural
Q14. Employee commitment develops from
a. employees who believe their future is tied to that of the organization and are willing to make personal sacrifices for the organization.
b. the reality that unemployment is on the rise, and people are lucky to have good jobs
c. paying the best wages in the industry.
d. offering child care to working mothers and fathers.
e. working in a team-based organization.
Q15. On what two factors is a stakeholder’s urgency based?
a. Economic timing and the stakeholder’s ability to use coercive power
b. Ethical sensitivity and the impact on society
c. Time sensitivity and the importance of the claim to the stakeholder
d. Opportunity and rationale of the stakeholder’s claim
e. Goal orientation and motivation of the stakeholder
Q16. Many claimed that Microsoft’s dominance in the computer operating systems market violated which corporate social responsibility?
a. Ethical
b. Economic
c. Environmental
d. Legal
e. Philanthropic
Q17. Shortly after World War II, corporate managers
a. rarely used the company’s resources for reasons other than self-interest.
b. had little decision-making authority over daily matters.
c. possessed nearly unlimited power.
d. were closely scrutinized by their boards of directors.
e. were hired away from other firms on a regular basis.
Q18. Overall, evidence supports that social responsibility
a. negatively affects a firm’s performance because it increases costs and reduces profits.
b. is unrelated to the performance of a business.
c. is good for a firm’s reputation, but has little effect on performance.
d. works well in theory, but is hard to implement in business.
e. is positively associated with return on investment, return on assets, and sales growth.
Q19. Which of the following best describes the rationale of the input-output model?
a. This model involves a two-way relationship with the firm’s stakeholders.
b. In order to create final products or output, an organization must have several different inputs.
c. The customer receives most of the value because investors, suppliers, and employees are compensated at a reasonable level.
d. Open communication between employees and management creates the input-output flow in an organization.
e. A company basically produces at a level equal to the amount of input received from investors, suppliers, and employees.
Q20. The framework to understand how businesses meet their economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities is developed around the assumption that social responsibility is a
a. requirement by federal law.
b. theory, with little relevance to business practice.
c. process.
d. specific set of rules and guidelines.
e. result that does not need further attention.
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